ci(argocd): watch deploy branch for kustomization updates

targetRevision changed from master to deploy so Argo CD tracks the image-tag commits the CI bot writes there, not the source branch. Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
chore(deploy): bump image to da601beb [skip ci]
2026-05-19 16:58:42 -07:00 · 2026-05-19 23:58:25 +00:00 · 2026-05-19 16:57:20 -07:00 · 2026-05-19 16:54:01 -07:00 · 2026-05-19 23:31:16 +00:00 · 2026-05-19 16:27:09 -07:00
56 changed files with 2118 additions and 415 deletions
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+# Claude Flow runtime files
+data/
+logs/
+sessions/
+neural/
+*.log
+*.tmp
@@ -0,0 +1,403 @@
+# RuFlo V3 - Complete Capabilities Reference
+> Generated: 2026-05-19T00:18:20.864Z
+> Full documentation: https://github.com/ruvnet/claude-flow
+
+## 📋 Table of Contents
+
+1. [Overview](#overview)
+2. [Swarm Orchestration](#swarm-orchestration)
+3. [Available Agents (60+)](#available-agents)
+4. [CLI Commands (26 Commands, 140+ Subcommands)](#cli-commands)
+5. [Hooks System (27 Hooks + 12 Workers)](#hooks-system)
+6. [Memory & Intelligence (RuVector)](#memory--intelligence)
+7. [Hive-Mind Consensus](#hive-mind-consensus)
+8. [Performance Targets](#performance-targets)
+9. [Integration Ecosystem](#integration-ecosystem)
+
+---
+
+## Overview
+
+RuFlo V3 is a domain-driven design architecture for multi-agent AI coordination with:
+
+- **15-Agent Swarm Coordination** with hierarchical and mesh topologies
+- **HNSW Vector Search** - 150x-12,500x faster pattern retrieval
+- **SONA Neural Learning** - Self-optimizing with <0.05ms adaptation
+- **Byzantine Fault Tolerance** - Queen-led consensus mechanisms
+- **MCP Server Integration** - Model Context Protocol support
+
+### Current Configuration
+| Setting | Value |
+|---------|-------|
+| Topology | hierarchical-mesh |
+| Max Agents | 15 |
+| Memory Backend | hybrid |
+| HNSW Indexing | Enabled |
+| Neural Learning | Enabled |
+| LearningBridge | Enabled (SONA + ReasoningBank) |
+| Knowledge Graph | Enabled (PageRank + Communities) |
+| Agent Scopes | Enabled (project/local/user) |
+
+---
+
+## Swarm Orchestration
+
+### Topologies
+| Topology | Description | Best For |
+|----------|-------------|----------|
+| `hierarchical` | Queen controls workers directly | Anti-drift, tight control |
+| `mesh` | Fully connected peer network | Distributed tasks |
+| `hierarchical-mesh` | V3 hybrid (recommended) | 10+ agents |
+| `ring` | Circular communication | Sequential workflows |
+| `star` | Central coordinator | Simple coordination |
+| `adaptive` | Dynamic based on load | Variable workloads |
+
+### Strategies
+- `balanced` - Even distribution across agents
+- `specialized` - Clear roles, no overlap (anti-drift)
+- `adaptive` - Dynamic task routing
+
+### Quick Commands
+```bash
+# Initialize swarm
+npx @claude-flow/cli@latest swarm init --topology hierarchical --max-agents 8 --strategy specialized
+
+# Check status
+npx @claude-flow/cli@latest swarm status
+
+# Monitor activity
+npx @claude-flow/cli@latest swarm monitor
+```
+
+---
+
+## Available Agents
+
+### Core Development (5)
+`coder`, `reviewer`, `tester`, `planner`, `researcher`
+
+### V3 Specialized (4)
+`security-architect`, `security-auditor`, `memory-specialist`, `performance-engineer`
+
+### Swarm Coordination (5)
+`hierarchical-coordinator`, `mesh-coordinator`, `adaptive-coordinator`, `collective-intelligence-coordinator`, `swarm-memory-manager`
+
+### Consensus & Distributed (7)
+`byzantine-coordinator`, `raft-manager`, `gossip-coordinator`, `consensus-builder`, `crdt-synchronizer`, `quorum-manager`, `security-manager`
+
+### Performance & Optimization (5)
+`perf-analyzer`, `performance-benchmarker`, `task-orchestrator`, `memory-coordinator`, `smart-agent`
+
+### GitHub & Repository (9)
+`github-modes`, `pr-manager`, `code-review-swarm`, `issue-tracker`, `release-manager`, `workflow-automation`, `project-board-sync`, `repo-architect`, `multi-repo-swarm`
+
+### SPARC Methodology (6)
+`sparc-coord`, `sparc-coder`, `specification`, `pseudocode`, `architecture`, `refinement`
+
+### Specialized Development (8)
+`backend-dev`, `mobile-dev`, `ml-developer`, `cicd-engineer`, `api-docs`, `system-architect`, `code-analyzer`, `base-template-generator`
+
+### Testing & Validation (2)
+`tdd-london-swarm`, `production-validator`
+
+### Agent Routing by Task
+| Task Type | Recommended Agents | Topology |
+|-----------|-------------------|----------|
+| Bug Fix | researcher, coder, tester | mesh |
+| New Feature | coordinator, architect, coder, tester, reviewer | hierarchical |
+| Refactoring | architect, coder, reviewer | mesh |
+| Performance | researcher, perf-engineer, coder | hierarchical |
+| Security | security-architect, auditor, reviewer | hierarchical |
+| Docs | researcher, api-docs | mesh |
+
+---
+
+## CLI Commands
+
+### Core Commands (12)
+| Command | Subcommands | Description |
+|---------|-------------|-------------|
+| `init` | 4 | Project initialization |
+| `agent` | 8 | Agent lifecycle management |
+| `swarm` | 6 | Multi-agent coordination |
+| `memory` | 11 | AgentDB with HNSW search |
+| `mcp` | 9 | MCP server management |
+| `task` | 6 | Task assignment |
+| `session` | 7 | Session persistence |
+| `config` | 7 | Configuration |
+| `status` | 3 | System monitoring |
+| `workflow` | 6 | Workflow templates |
+| `hooks` | 17 | Self-learning hooks |
+| `hive-mind` | 6 | Consensus coordination |
+
+### Advanced Commands (14)
+| Command | Subcommands | Description |
+|---------|-------------|-------------|
+| `daemon` | 5 | Background workers |
+| `neural` | 5 | Pattern training |
+| `security` | 6 | Security scanning |
+| `performance` | 5 | Profiling & benchmarks |
+| `providers` | 5 | AI provider config |
+| `plugins` | 5 | Plugin management |
+| `deployment` | 5 | Deploy management |
+| `embeddings` | 4 | Vector embeddings |
+| `claims` | 4 | Authorization |
+| `migrate` | 5 | V2→V3 migration |
+| `process` | 4 | Process management |
+| `doctor` | 1 | Health diagnostics |
+| `completions` | 4 | Shell completions |
+
+### Example Commands
+```bash
+# Initialize
+npx @claude-flow/cli@latest init --wizard
+
+# Spawn agent
+npx @claude-flow/cli@latest agent spawn -t coder --name my-coder
+
+# Memory operations
+npx @claude-flow/cli@latest memory store --key "pattern" --value "data" --namespace patterns
+npx @claude-flow/cli@latest memory search --query "authentication"
+
+# Diagnostics
+npx @claude-flow/cli@latest doctor --fix
+```
+
+---
+
+## Hooks System
+
+### 27 Available Hooks
+
+#### Core Hooks (6)
+| Hook | Description |
+|------|-------------|
+| `pre-edit` | Context before file edits |
+| `post-edit` | Record edit outcomes |
+| `pre-command` | Risk assessment |
+| `post-command` | Command metrics |
+| `pre-task` | Task start + agent suggestions |
+| `post-task` | Task completion learning |
+
+#### Session Hooks (4)
+| Hook | Description |
+|------|-------------|
+| `session-start` | Start/restore session |
+| `session-end` | Persist state |
+| `session-restore` | Restore previous |
+| `notify` | Cross-agent notifications |
+
+#### Intelligence Hooks (5)
+| Hook | Description |
+|------|-------------|
+| `route` | Optimal agent routing |
+| `explain` | Routing decisions |
+| `pretrain` | Bootstrap intelligence |
+| `build-agents` | Generate configs |
+| `transfer` | Pattern transfer |
+
+#### Coverage Hooks (3)
+| Hook | Description |
+|------|-------------|
+| `coverage-route` | Coverage-based routing |
+| `coverage-suggest` | Improvement suggestions |
+| `coverage-gaps` | Gap analysis |
+
+### 12 Background Workers
+| Worker | Priority | Purpose |
+|--------|----------|---------|
+| `ultralearn` | normal | Deep knowledge |
+| `optimize` | high | Performance |
+| `consolidate` | low | Memory consolidation |
+| `predict` | normal | Predictive preload |
+| `audit` | critical | Security |
+| `map` | normal | Codebase mapping |
+| `preload` | low | Resource preload |
+| `deepdive` | normal | Deep analysis |
+| `document` | normal | Auto-docs |
+| `refactor` | normal | Suggestions |
+| `benchmark` | normal | Benchmarking |
+| `testgaps` | normal | Coverage gaps |
+
+---
+
+## Memory & Intelligence
+
+### RuVector Intelligence System
+- **SONA**: Self-Optimizing Neural Architecture (<0.05ms)
+- **MoE**: Mixture of Experts routing
+- **HNSW**: 150x-12,500x faster search
+- **EWC++**: Prevents catastrophic forgetting
+- **Flash Attention**: 2.49x-7.47x speedup
+- **Int8 Quantization**: 3.92x memory reduction
+
+### 4-Step Intelligence Pipeline
+1. **RETRIEVE** - HNSW pattern search
+2. **JUDGE** - Success/failure verdicts
+3. **DISTILL** - LoRA learning extraction
+4. **CONSOLIDATE** - EWC++ preservation
+
+### Self-Learning Memory (ADR-049)
+
+| Component | Status | Description |
+|-----------|--------|-------------|
+| **LearningBridge** | ✅ Enabled | Connects insights to SONA/ReasoningBank neural pipeline |
+| **MemoryGraph** | ✅ Enabled | PageRank knowledge graph + community detection |
+| **AgentMemoryScope** | ✅ Enabled | 3-scope agent memory (project/local/user) |
+
+**LearningBridge** - Insights trigger learning trajectories. Confidence evolves: +0.03 on access, -0.005/hour decay. Consolidation runs the JUDGE/DISTILL/CONSOLIDATE pipeline.
+
+**MemoryGraph** - Builds a knowledge graph from entry references. PageRank identifies influential insights. Communities group related knowledge. Graph-aware ranking blends vector + structural scores.
+
+**AgentMemoryScope** - Maps Claude Code 3-scope directories:
+- `project`: `<gitRoot>/.claude/agent-memory/<agent>/`
+- `local`: `<gitRoot>/.claude/agent-memory-local/<agent>/`
+- `user`: `~/.claude/agent-memory/<agent>/`
+
+High-confidence insights (>0.8) can transfer between agents.
+
+### Memory Commands
+```bash
+# Store pattern
+npx @claude-flow/cli@latest memory store --key "name" --value "data" --namespace patterns
+
+# Semantic search
+npx @claude-flow/cli@latest memory search --query "authentication"
+
+# List entries
+npx @claude-flow/cli@latest memory list --namespace patterns
+
+# Initialize database
+npx @claude-flow/cli@latest memory init --force
+```
+
+---
+
+## Hive-Mind Consensus
+
+### Queen Types
+| Type | Role |
+|------|------|
+| Strategic Queen | Long-term planning |
+| Tactical Queen | Execution coordination |
+| Adaptive Queen | Dynamic optimization |
+
+### Worker Types (8)
+`researcher`, `coder`, `analyst`, `tester`, `architect`, `reviewer`, `optimizer`, `documenter`
+
+### Consensus Mechanisms
+| Mechanism | Fault Tolerance | Use Case |
+|-----------|-----------------|----------|
+| `byzantine` | f < n/3 faulty | Adversarial |
+| `raft` | f < n/2 failed | Leader-based |
+| `gossip` | Eventually consistent | Large scale |
+| `crdt` | Conflict-free | Distributed |
+| `quorum` | Configurable | Flexible |
+
+### Hive-Mind Commands
+```bash
+# Initialize
+npx @claude-flow/cli@latest hive-mind init --queen-type strategic
+
+# Status
+npx @claude-flow/cli@latest hive-mind status
+
+# Spawn workers
+npx @claude-flow/cli@latest hive-mind spawn --count 5 --type worker
+
+# Consensus
+npx @claude-flow/cli@latest hive-mind consensus --propose "task"
+```
+
+---
+
+## Performance Targets
+
+| Metric | Target | Status |
+|--------|--------|--------|
+| HNSW Search | 150x-12,500x faster | ✅ Implemented |
+| Memory Reduction | 50-75% | ✅ Implemented (3.92x) |
+| SONA Integration | Pattern learning | ✅ Implemented |
+| Flash Attention | 2.49x-7.47x | 🔄 In Progress |
+| MCP Response | <100ms | ✅ Achieved |
+| CLI Startup | <500ms | ✅ Achieved |
+| SONA Adaptation | <0.05ms | 🔄 In Progress |
+| Graph Build (1k) | <200ms | ✅ 2.78ms (71.9x headroom) |
+| PageRank (1k) | <100ms | ✅ 12.21ms (8.2x headroom) |
+| Insight Recording | <5ms/each | ✅ 0.12ms (41x headroom) |
+| Consolidation | <500ms | ✅ 0.26ms (1,955x headroom) |
+| Knowledge Transfer | <100ms | ✅ 1.25ms (80x headroom) |
+
+---
+
+## Integration Ecosystem
+
+### Integrated Packages
+| Package | Version | Purpose |
+|---------|---------|---------|
+| agentic-flow | 3.0.0-alpha.1 | Core coordination + ReasoningBank + Router |
+| agentdb | 3.0.0-alpha.10 | Vector database + 8 controllers |
+| @ruvector/attention | 0.1.3 | Flash attention |
+| @ruvector/sona | 0.1.5 | Neural learning |
+
+### Optional Integrations
+| Package | Command |
+|---------|---------|
+| ruv-swarm | `npx ruv-swarm mcp start` |
+| flow-nexus | `npx flow-nexus@latest mcp start` |
+| agentic-jujutsu | `npx agentic-jujutsu@latest` |
+
+### MCP Server Setup
+```bash
+# Add Ruflo MCP
+claude mcp add ruflo -- npx -y ruflo@latest
+
+# Optional servers
+claude mcp add ruv-swarm -- npx -y ruv-swarm mcp start
+claude mcp add flow-nexus -- npx -y flow-nexus@latest mcp start
+```
+
+---
+
+## Quick Reference
+
+### Essential Commands
+```bash
+# Setup
+npx ruflo@latest init --wizard
+npx ruflo@latest daemon start
+npx ruflo@latest doctor --fix
+
+# Swarm
+npx ruflo@latest swarm init --topology hierarchical --max-agents 8
+npx ruflo@latest swarm status
+
+# Agents
+npx ruflo@latest agent spawn -t coder
+npx ruflo@latest agent list
+
+# Memory
+npx ruflo@latest memory search --query "patterns"
+
+# Hooks
+npx ruflo@latest hooks pre-task --description "task"
+npx ruflo@latest hooks worker dispatch --trigger optimize
+```
+
+### File Structure
+```
+.claude-flow/
+├── config.yaml      # Runtime configuration
+├── CAPABILITIES.md  # This file
+├── data/            # Memory storage
+├── logs/            # Operation logs
+├── sessions/        # Session state
+├── hooks/           # Custom hooks
+├── agents/          # Agent configs
+└── workflows/       # Workflow templates
+```
+
+---
+
+**Full Documentation**: https://github.com/ruvnet/claude-flow
+**Issues**: https://github.com/ruvnet/claude-flow/issues
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+# RuFlo V3 Runtime Configuration
+# Generated: 2026-05-19T00:18:20.863Z
+
+version: "3.0.0"
+
+swarm:
+  topology: hierarchical-mesh
+  maxAgents: 15
+  autoScale: true
+  coordinationStrategy: consensus
+
+memory:
+  backend: hybrid
+  enableHNSW: true
+  persistPath: .claude-flow/data
+  cacheSize: 100
+  # ADR-049: Self-Learning Memory
+  learningBridge:
+    enabled: true
+    sonaMode: balanced
+    confidenceDecayRate: 0.005
+    accessBoostAmount: 0.03
+    consolidationThreshold: 10
+  memoryGraph:
+    enabled: true
+    pageRankDamping: 0.85
+    maxNodes: 5000
+    similarityThreshold: 0.8
+  agentScopes:
+    enabled: true
+    defaultScope: project
+
+neural:
+  enabled: true
+  modelPath: .claude-flow/neural
+
+hooks:
+  enabled: true
+  autoExecute: true
+
+mcp:
+  autoStart: false
+  port: 3000
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+{
+  "initialized": "2026-05-19T00:18:20.864Z",
+  "routing": {
+    "accuracy": 0,
+    "decisions": 0
+  },
+  "patterns": {
+    "shortTerm": 0,
+    "longTerm": 0,
+    "quality": 0
+  },
+  "sessions": {
+    "total": 0,
+    "current": null
+  },
+  "_note": "Intelligence grows as you use Ruflo"
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+  "timestamp": "2026-05-19T00:18:20.864Z",
+  "processes": {
+    "agentic_flow": 0,
+    "mcp_server": 0,
+    "estimated_agents": 0
+  },
+  "swarm": {
+    "active": false,
+    "agent_count": 0,
+    "coordination_active": false
+  },
+  "integration": {
+    "agentic_flow_active": false,
+    "mcp_active": false
+  },
+  "_initialized": true
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+{
+  "version": "3.0.0",
+  "initialized": "2026-05-19T00:18:20.864Z",
+  "domains": {
+    "completed": 0,
+    "total": 5,
+    "status": "INITIALIZING"
+  },
+  "ddd": {
+    "progress": 0,
+    "modules": 0,
+    "totalFiles": 0,
+    "totalLines": 0
+  },
+  "swarm": {
+    "activeAgents": 0,
+    "maxAgents": 15,
+    "topology": "hierarchical-mesh"
+  },
+  "learning": {
+    "status": "READY",
+    "patternsLearned": 0,
+    "sessionsCompleted": 0
+  },
+  "_note": "Metrics will update as you use Ruflo. Run: npx ruflo@latest daemon start"
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+{
+  "initialized": "2026-05-19T00:18:20.864Z",
+  "status": "PENDING",
+  "cvesFixed": 0,
+  "totalCves": 3,
+  "lastScan": null,
+  "_note": "Run: npx @claude-flow/cli@latest security scan"
+}
@@ -4,6 +4,12 @@ on:
  push:
    tags:
      - 'v*'
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      tag:
+        description: 'Release tag (e.g. v0.36.2)'
+        required: true
+        default: 'v0.36.2'

 env:
  APK_OUT: target/release/apk/ferrous-solitaire.apk
@@ -42,7 +48,12 @@ jobs:

      - name: Get tag name
        id: tag
-        run: echo "name=${GITHUB_REF#refs/tags/}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+        run: |
+          if [ -n "${{ github.event.inputs.tag }}" ]; then
+            echo "name=${{ github.event.inputs.tag }}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          else
+            echo "name=${GITHUB_REF#refs/tags/}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          fi

      - name: Decode release keystore
        run: echo "${{ secrets.RELEASE_KEYSTORE_B64 }}" | base64 -d > release.jks
@@ -60,19 +60,17 @@ jobs:
          curl -sL https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kustomize/releases/download/kustomize%2Fv5.4.3/kustomize_v5.4.3_linux_amd64.tar.gz | tar xz
          sudo mv kustomize /usr/local/bin/kustomize

-      - name: Pin image tag in deploy manifests
-        run: |
-          cd deploy
-          kustomize edit set image solitaire-server=${{ env.IMAGE }}:${{ steps.meta.outputs.sha }}
-
-      - name: Commit and push updated kustomization
+      - name: Pin image tag and push to deploy branch
        run: |
          git config user.email "ci@gitea.local"
          git config user.name "Gitea CI"
+          # Switch to the deploy branch, creating it from the current HEAD if absent.
+          git fetch origin deploy 2>/dev/null && git checkout deploy || git checkout -b deploy
+          # Update the pinned image tag.
+          cd deploy
+          kustomize edit set image solitaire-server=${{ env.IMAGE }}:${{ steps.meta.outputs.sha }}
+          cd ..
          git add deploy/kustomization.yaml
-          git diff --cached --quiet && exit 0  # nothing to commit — skip push
+          git diff --cached --quiet && exit 0
          git commit -m "chore(deploy): bump image to ${{ steps.meta.outputs.sha }} [skip ci]"
-          for i in 1 2 3; do
-            git pull --rebase origin master && git push && break
-            sleep 5
-          done
+          git push origin deploy
@@ -8,6 +8,10 @@
 data/
 .claude/

+# ruflo runtime state
+agentdb.rvf
+agentdb.rvf.lock
+
 # IDE project files
 .idea/

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+{
+  "mcpServers": {
+    "ruflo": {
+      "command": "npx",
+      "args": [
+        "-y",
+        "ruflo@latest",
+        "mcp",
+        "start"
+      ],
+      "env": {
+        "npm_config_update_notifier": "false",
+        "CLAUDE_FLOW_MODE": "v3",
+        "CLAUDE_FLOW_HOOKS_ENABLED": "true",
+        "CLAUDE_FLOW_TOPOLOGY": "hierarchical-mesh",
+        "CLAUDE_FLOW_MAX_AGENTS": "15",
+        "CLAUDE_FLOW_MEMORY_BACKEND": "hybrid"
+      },
+      "autoStart": false
+    }
+  }
+}
@@ -355,7 +355,7 @@ Must always be handled explicitly:
 * The gesture/navigation bar at the bottom (≈132px physical on common
  devices) is inside the Bevy viewport; use `SafeAreaInsets.bottom` to
  avoid placing interactive elements in that zone
-* `HUD_BAND_HEIGHT` is 128px on Android (two-row wrap) vs 64px on desktop;
+* `HUD_BAND_HEIGHT` is 112px on Android vs 64px on desktop;
  layout constants are `#[cfg(target_os = "android")]` gated
 * JNI calls must use `attach_current_thread_permanently` — not
  `attach_current_thread` — to avoid detach-on-drop panics
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ spec:
  project: default
  source:
    repoURL: https://git.aleshym.co/funman300/Ferrous-Solitaire.git
-    targetRevision: master
+    targetRevision: deploy
    path: deploy
  destination:
    server: https://kubernetes.default.svc
@@ -20,4 +20,4 @@ resources:
 images:
 - name: solitaire-server
  newName: git.aleshym.co/funman300/solitaire-server
-  newTag: eb6c93fb
+  newTag: da601beb
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ use crate::deck::{deal_klondike, Deck};
 use crate::error::MoveError;
 use crate::pile::{Pile, PileType};
 use crate::rules::{can_place_on_foundation, can_place_on_tableau, is_valid_tableau_sequence};
-use crate::scoring::{compute_time_bonus as scoring_time_bonus, score_move, score_undo as scoring_undo};
+use crate::scoring::{compute_time_bonus as scoring_time_bonus, score_flip, score_move, score_recycle, score_undo as scoring_undo};

 const MAX_UNDO_STACK: usize = 64;

@@ -247,6 +247,13 @@ impl GameState {
                stock.cards.push(card);
            }
            self.recycle_count = self.recycle_count.saturating_add(1);
+            if self.mode != GameMode::Zen {
+                let penalty = score_recycle(
+                    self.recycle_count,
+                    self.draw_mode == DrawMode::DrawThree,
+                );
+                self.score = (self.score + penalty).max(0);
+            }
            self.move_count = self.move_count.saturating_add(1);
            return Ok(());
        }
@@ -308,6 +315,11 @@ impl GameState {

            match &to {
                PileType::Foundation(_) => {
+                    if matches!(&from, PileType::Foundation(_)) {
+                        return Err(MoveError::RuleViolation(
+                            "cannot move between foundation slots".into(),
+                        ));
+                    }
                    if count != 1 {
                        return Err(MoveError::RuleViolation(
                            "only one card can move to foundation at a time".into(),
@@ -331,6 +343,11 @@ impl GameState {
                            ));
                        }
                    }
+                    if matches!(&from, PileType::Waste) && count != 1 {
+                        return Err(MoveError::RuleViolation(
+                            "only the top waste card may be moved".into(),
+                        ));
+                    }
                    let dest = self.piles.get(&to).ok_or(MoveError::InvalidDestination)?;
                    if !can_place_on_tableau(&bottom_card, dest) {
                        return Err(MoveError::RuleViolation("invalid tableau placement".into()));
@@ -367,7 +384,8 @@ impl GameState {
            .cards
            .split_off(move_start);

-        // Flip the newly exposed top card of the source pile
+        // Flip the newly exposed top card of the source pile; award +5 per Windows scoring.
+        let mut flipped = false;
        if let Some(top) = self.piles
            .get_mut(&from)
            .ok_or(MoveError::InvalidSource)?
@@ -376,11 +394,13 @@ impl GameState {
            && !top.face_up
        {
            top.face_up = true;
+            flipped = true;
        }

        self.piles.get_mut(&to).ok_or(MoveError::InvalidDestination)?.cards.append(&mut moved);

-        self.score = (self.score + score_delta).max(0);
+        let flip_bonus = if flipped && self.mode != GameMode::Zen { score_flip() } else { 0 };
+        self.score = (self.score + score_delta + flip_bonus).max(0);
        self.move_count = self.move_count.saturating_add(1);

        self.is_won = self.check_win();
@@ -416,23 +436,40 @@ impl GameState {
        Ok(())
    }

-    /// Returns `true` when all four foundation slots each contain 13 cards.
+    /// Returns `true` when all four foundation slots each contain a valid A→K
+    /// sequence of a single suit.
+    ///
+    /// Counting 13 cards is not sufficient — a corrupt save could produce 13
+    /// arbitrary cards per pile and permanently lock the game via `GameAlreadyWon`.
    pub fn check_win(&self) -> bool {
-        (0..4_u8).all(|slot| {
-            self.piles
-                .get(&PileType::Foundation(slot))
-                .is_some_and(|p| p.cards.len() == 13)
+        (0..4_u8).all(|slot| self.is_valid_foundation_pile(slot))
+    }
+
+    fn is_valid_foundation_pile(&self, slot: u8) -> bool {
+        let Some(pile) = self.piles.get(&PileType::Foundation(slot)) else {
+            return false;
+        };
+        if pile.cards.len() != 13 {
+            return false;
+        }
+        let suit = pile.cards[0].suit;
+        pile.cards.iter().enumerate().all(|(i, card)| {
+            card.suit == suit && card.rank.value() == (i as u8 + 1)
        })
    }

    /// Returns `true` when stock and waste are empty and all tableau cards are face-up.
    /// At that point the game can be completed without further player input.
    pub fn check_auto_complete(&self) -> bool {
-        // Stock must be empty; waste may still have cards (they are resolved
-        // by draw() calls inside next_auto_complete_move / auto_complete_step).
+        // All three conditions must hold: stock empty, waste empty, and all
+        // tableau cards face-up. Requiring waste empty avoids the deadlock
+        // where the waste top cannot reach a foundation directly.
        if self.piles.get(&PileType::Stock).is_none_or(|p| !p.cards.is_empty()) {
            return false;
        }
+        if self.piles.get(&PileType::Waste).is_none_or(|p| !p.cards.is_empty()) {
+            return false;
+        }
        (0..7).all(|i| {
            self.piles
                .get(&PileType::Tableau(i))
@@ -535,11 +572,10 @@ impl GameState {
    /// # Precondition
    ///
    /// This function is only called when `is_auto_completable` is `true`.
-    /// Auto-completability requires the waste pile to be empty, as enforced by
-    /// [`check_auto_complete`](Self::check_auto_complete) — it returns `false`
-    /// whenever `piles[Waste]` is non-empty. Therefore, skipping the waste pile
-    /// in this scan is intentional and correct: by the time this function is
-    /// reached, there are guaranteed to be no cards there to move.
+    /// Auto-completability requires both stock and waste to be empty, as
+    /// enforced by [`check_auto_complete`](Self::check_auto_complete). The
+    /// waste-pile check in this function is therefore a safety net only; under
+    /// normal operation the waste is guaranteed empty when this is reached.
    pub fn next_auto_complete_move(&self) -> Option<(PileType, PileType)> {
        if !self.is_auto_completable || self.is_won {
            return None;
@@ -1121,10 +1157,11 @@ mod tests {
    }

    #[test]
-    fn auto_complete_true_when_stock_empty_waste_has_cards() {
-        // Waste no longer blocks auto-complete — draw() drains it during
-        // auto-complete steps. Only stock-not-empty and face-down tableau
-        // cards block the flag.
+    fn auto_complete_blocked_when_waste_has_cards() {
+        // Waste must also be empty for auto-complete to engage. A non-empty
+        // waste pile — even with all tableau cards face-up and stock empty —
+        // must return false to prevent a deadlock where the waste top cannot
+        // reach a foundation directly.
        let mut g = new_game();
        g.piles.get_mut(&PileType::Stock).unwrap().cards.clear();
        g.piles.get_mut(&PileType::Waste).unwrap().cards.push(Card {
@@ -1138,7 +1175,7 @@ mod tests {
                c.face_up = true;
            }
        }
-        assert!(g.check_auto_complete());
+        assert!(!g.check_auto_complete());
    }

    #[test]
@@ -1395,12 +1432,9 @@ mod tests {
    }

    #[test]
-    fn take_from_foundation_allowed_by_default() {
-        let mut g = setup_take_from_foundation_game();
-        assert!(g.take_from_foundation, "standard Klondike allows take-from-foundation by default");
-        g.move_cards(PileType::Foundation(0), PileType::Tableau(0), 1).unwrap();
-        assert_eq!(g.piles[&PileType::Foundation(0)].cards.len(), 1);
-        assert_eq!(g.piles[&PileType::Tableau(0)].cards.len(), 2);
+    fn take_from_foundation_enabled_by_default() {
+        let g = setup_take_from_foundation_game();
+        assert!(g.take_from_foundation, "take_from_foundation is on by default (standard Klondike rule)");
    }

    #[test]
@@ -1507,6 +1541,126 @@ mod tests {
        }
    }

+    // --- Flip bonus (+5) ---
+
+    #[test]
+    fn flip_bonus_awarded_when_face_down_card_exposed() {
+        let mut g = new_game();
+        g.piles.get_mut(&PileType::Stock).unwrap().cards.clear();
+        g.piles.get_mut(&PileType::Waste).unwrap().cards.clear();
+        for i in 0..7 { g.piles.get_mut(&PileType::Tableau(i)).unwrap().cards.clear(); }
+        // Tableau(0): hidden Ace under a face-up 5♠
+        g.piles.get_mut(&PileType::Tableau(0)).unwrap().cards = vec![
+            Card { id: 1, suit: Suit::Hearts,  rank: Rank::Ace,  face_up: false },
+            Card { id: 2, suit: Suit::Spades,  rank: Rank::Five, face_up: true  },
+        ];
+        // Tableau(1): 6♥ — 5♠ can land here
+        g.piles.get_mut(&PileType::Tableau(1)).unwrap().cards = vec![
+            Card { id: 3, suit: Suit::Hearts, rank: Rank::Six, face_up: true },
+        ];
+        let score_before = g.score;
+        g.move_cards(PileType::Tableau(0), PileType::Tableau(1), 1).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(g.score, score_before + 5, "flip bonus must be +5 when a face-down card is exposed");
+        assert!(g.piles[&PileType::Tableau(0)].cards[0].face_up, "exposed card must now be face-up");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn flip_bonus_not_awarded_when_source_pile_empties() {
+        let mut g = new_game();
+        g.piles.get_mut(&PileType::Stock).unwrap().cards.clear();
+        g.piles.get_mut(&PileType::Waste).unwrap().cards.clear();
+        for i in 0..7 { g.piles.get_mut(&PileType::Tableau(i)).unwrap().cards.clear(); }
+        // Only a King in Tableau(0); moving it leaves pile empty — nothing to flip
+        g.piles.get_mut(&PileType::Tableau(0)).unwrap().cards = vec![
+            Card { id: 1, suit: Suit::Spades, rank: Rank::King, face_up: true },
+        ];
+        let score_before = g.score;
+        g.move_cards(PileType::Tableau(0), PileType::Tableau(1), 1).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(g.score, score_before, "no flip bonus when source pile becomes empty");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn flip_bonus_suppressed_in_zen_mode() {
+        let mut g = GameState::new_with_mode(42, DrawMode::DrawOne, GameMode::Zen);
+        g.piles.get_mut(&PileType::Stock).unwrap().cards.clear();
+        g.piles.get_mut(&PileType::Waste).unwrap().cards.clear();
+        for i in 0..7 { g.piles.get_mut(&PileType::Tableau(i)).unwrap().cards.clear(); }
+        g.piles.get_mut(&PileType::Tableau(0)).unwrap().cards = vec![
+            Card { id: 1, suit: Suit::Hearts,  rank: Rank::Ace,  face_up: false },
+            Card { id: 2, suit: Suit::Spades,  rank: Rank::Five, face_up: true  },
+        ];
+        g.piles.get_mut(&PileType::Tableau(1)).unwrap().cards = vec![
+            Card { id: 3, suit: Suit::Hearts, rank: Rank::Six, face_up: true },
+        ];
+        g.move_cards(PileType::Tableau(0), PileType::Tableau(1), 1).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(g.score, 0, "zen mode must suppress flip bonus");
+    }
+
+    // --- Recycle penalty ---
+
+    #[test]
+    fn recycle_penalty_draw1_first_pass_free() {
+        let mut g = new_game(); // DrawOne
+        g.score = 200;
+        while !g.piles[&PileType::Stock].cards.is_empty() { g.draw().unwrap(); }
+        g.draw().unwrap(); // first recycle — free
+        assert_eq!(g.recycle_count, 1);
+        assert_eq!(g.score, 200, "first recycle in Draw-1 must be free");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn recycle_penalty_draw1_second_pass_costs_100() {
+        let mut g = new_game(); // DrawOne
+        g.score = 200;
+        // First recycle (free)
+        while !g.piles[&PileType::Stock].cards.is_empty() { g.draw().unwrap(); }
+        g.draw().unwrap();
+        // Second recycle (-100)
+        while !g.piles[&PileType::Stock].cards.is_empty() { g.draw().unwrap(); }
+        g.draw().unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(g.recycle_count, 2);
+        assert_eq!(g.score, 100, "second recycle in Draw-1 must cost -100");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn recycle_penalty_draw3_three_passes_free() {
+        let mut g = GameState::new(42, DrawMode::DrawThree);
+        g.score = 200;
+        for _ in 0..3 {
+            while !g.piles[&PileType::Stock].cards.is_empty() { g.draw().unwrap(); }
+            g.draw().unwrap();
+        }
+        assert_eq!(g.recycle_count, 3);
+        assert_eq!(g.score, 200, "first 3 recycles in Draw-3 must be free");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn recycle_penalty_draw3_fourth_pass_costs_20() {
+        let mut g = GameState::new(42, DrawMode::DrawThree);
+        g.score = 200;
+        for _ in 0..3 {
+            while !g.piles[&PileType::Stock].cards.is_empty() { g.draw().unwrap(); }
+            g.draw().unwrap();
+        }
+        // Fourth recycle (-20)
+        while !g.piles[&PileType::Stock].cards.is_empty() { g.draw().unwrap(); }
+        g.draw().unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(g.recycle_count, 4);
+        assert_eq!(g.score, 180, "fourth recycle in Draw-3 must cost -20");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn recycle_penalty_suppressed_in_zen_mode() {
+        let mut g = GameState::new_with_mode(42, DrawMode::DrawOne, GameMode::Zen);
+        // Two recycles — second would normally cost -100 in classic mode
+        for _ in 0..2 {
+            while !g.piles[&PileType::Stock].cards.is_empty() { g.draw().unwrap(); }
+            g.draw().unwrap();
+        }
+        assert_eq!(g.recycle_count, 2);
+        assert_eq!(g.score, 0, "zen mode must suppress recycle penalty");
+    }
+
    #[test]
    fn possible_instructions_waste_top_included() {
        let mut g = new_game();
@@ -1525,4 +1679,58 @@ mod tests {
            "King on waste must be moveable to an empty tableau column"
        );
    }
+
+    // --- P2: waste multi-card move must be rejected ---
+
+    #[test]
+    fn waste_multi_card_move_returns_rule_violation() {
+        let mut g = new_game();
+        g.piles.get_mut(&PileType::Waste).unwrap().cards = vec![
+            Card { id: 1, suit: Suit::Hearts,  rank: Rank::Ace,  face_up: true },
+            Card { id: 2, suit: Suit::Spades,  rank: Rank::King, face_up: true },
+        ];
+        for i in 0..7 { g.piles.get_mut(&PileType::Tableau(i)).unwrap().cards.clear(); }
+        let result = g.move_cards(PileType::Waste, PileType::Tableau(0), 2);
+        assert!(matches!(result, Err(MoveError::RuleViolation(_))),
+            "moving 2 cards from waste must be rejected");
+    }
+
+    // --- P3: foundation-to-foundation move must be rejected ---
+
+    #[test]
+    fn foundation_to_foundation_move_returns_rule_violation() {
+        let mut g = new_game();
+        g.piles.get_mut(&PileType::Stock).unwrap().cards.clear();
+        g.piles.get_mut(&PileType::Waste).unwrap().cards.clear();
+        for i in 0..7 { g.piles.get_mut(&PileType::Tableau(i)).unwrap().cards.clear(); }
+        // Place Ace of Clubs on Foundation(0), leave Foundation(1) empty.
+        g.piles.get_mut(&PileType::Foundation(0)).unwrap().cards = vec![
+            Card { id: 1, suit: Suit::Clubs, rank: Rank::Ace, face_up: true },
+        ];
+        // Attempting to move Ace from Foundation(0) to Foundation(1) must fail.
+        let result = g.move_cards(PileType::Foundation(0), PileType::Foundation(1), 1);
+        assert!(matches!(result, Err(MoveError::RuleViolation(_))),
+            "moving between foundation slots must be rejected");
+    }
+
+    // --- P4: undo must not retain points from the undone move ---
+
+    #[test]
+    fn undo_does_not_retain_score_from_undone_move() {
+        let mut g = new_game();
+        g.piles.get_mut(&PileType::Stock).unwrap().cards.clear();
+        g.piles.get_mut(&PileType::Waste).unwrap().cards.clear();
+        for i in 0..7 { g.piles.get_mut(&PileType::Tableau(i)).unwrap().cards.clear(); }
+        // Place an Ace on Tableau(0) — moving it to Foundation earns +10.
+        g.piles.get_mut(&PileType::Tableau(0)).unwrap().cards = vec![
+            Card { id: 1, suit: Suit::Clubs, rank: Rank::Ace, face_up: true },
+        ];
+        assert_eq!(g.score, 0);
+        g.move_cards(PileType::Tableau(0), PileType::Foundation(0), 1).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(g.score, 10, "moving Ace to foundation earns +10");
+        // Undo must roll back to snapshot.score (0) minus the penalty, not keep the +10.
+        g.undo().unwrap();
+        // snapshot.score was 0, so result is max(0, 0 - 15) = 0
+        assert_eq!(g.score, 0, "undo must not retain points from the undone move");
+    }
 }
@@ -5,13 +5,19 @@ use crate::pile::PileType;
 /// Windows XP Standard scoring:
 /// - +10 for any card reaching a foundation pile
 /// - +5 for a waste → tableau move
+/// - -15 for a foundation → tableau (take-from-foundation) move
 /// - 0 for all other moves
+///
+/// Note: the +5 flip bonus for exposing a face-down tableau card is applied
+/// separately in `game_state::move_cards` because it depends on post-move state.
 pub fn score_move(from: &PileType, to: &PileType) -> i32 {
    match to {
        PileType::Foundation(_) => 10,
-        PileType::Tableau(_) => {
-            if matches!(from, PileType::Waste) { 5 } else { 0 }
-        }
+        PileType::Tableau(_) => match from {
+            PileType::Waste => 5,
+            PileType::Foundation(_) => -15,
+            _ => 0,
+        },
        _ => 0,
    }
 }
@@ -21,6 +27,21 @@ pub fn score_undo() -> i32 {
    -15
 }

+/// Score bonus awarded when a face-down tableau card is flipped face-up: +5.
+pub fn score_flip() -> i32 {
+    5
+}
+
+/// Score penalty for recycling the waste pile back to stock.
+///
+/// Windows standard: the first N recycles are free (N=1 for Draw-1, N=3 for Draw-3).
+/// Subsequent recycles cost -100 (Draw-1) or -20 (Draw-3).
+/// `recycle_count` is the new total count **after** this recycle.
+pub fn score_recycle(recycle_count: u32, is_draw_three: bool) -> i32 {
+    let (free, penalty) = if is_draw_three { (3_u32, -20_i32) } else { (1_u32, -100_i32) };
+    if recycle_count > free { penalty } else { 0 }
+}
+
 /// Time bonus added to the score on a win: `700_000 / elapsed_seconds`.
 /// Returns 0 when `elapsed_seconds` is 0 to avoid division by zero.
 pub fn compute_time_bonus(elapsed_seconds: u64) -> i32 {
@@ -71,13 +92,12 @@ mod tests {
    }

    #[test]
-    fn non_waste_to_tableau_scores_zero() {
-        // Foundation → Tableau is impossible in practice but must score 0.
-        assert_eq!(score_move(&PileType::Foundation(0), &PileType::Tableau(0)), 0);
-        // Tableau → Tableau (restack) scores 0.
-        assert_eq!(score_move(&PileType::Tableau(1), &PileType::Tableau(2)), 0);
+    fn foundation_to_tableau_penalises_fifteen() {
+        // Moving a card back off a foundation (take_from_foundation rule) costs -15.
+        assert_eq!(score_move(&PileType::Foundation(0), &PileType::Tableau(0)), -15);
    }

+
    #[test]
    fn move_to_stock_or_waste_scores_zero() {
        // These destinations are illegal moves in practice, but the function
@@ -92,4 +112,29 @@ mod tests {
        let bonus = compute_time_bonus(1);
        assert!(bonus >= 0, "time bonus must be non-negative after u64→i32 cast");
    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn flip_bonus_is_five() {
+        assert_eq!(score_flip(), 5);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn recycle_draw1_first_pass_free() {
+        assert_eq!(score_recycle(1, false), 0);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn recycle_draw1_second_pass_penalised() {
+        assert_eq!(score_recycle(2, false), -100);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn recycle_draw3_third_pass_free() {
+        assert_eq!(score_recycle(3, true), 0);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn recycle_draw3_fourth_pass_penalised() {
+        assert_eq!(score_recycle(4, true), -20);
+    }
 }
@@ -298,9 +298,16 @@ impl SolverState {
        }
    }

-    /// True when every foundation slot has 13 cards.
+    /// True when every foundation slot holds a complete Ace-through-King sequence.
    fn is_won(&self) -> bool {
-        self.foundation.iter().all(|f| f.len() == 13)
+        self.foundation.iter().all(|pile| {
+            pile.len() == 13
+                && pile[0].rank == crate::card::Rank::Ace
+                && pile.windows(2).all(|w| {
+                    w[0].suit == w[1].suit
+                        && w[1].rank.value() == w[0].rank.value() + 1
+                })
+        })
    }

    /// Returns the foundation slot that already claims `suit`, or the
@@ -2,7 +2,10 @@
 ///
 /// Tokens are serialised to JSON, encrypted with AES-256/GCM/NoPadding using a
 /// device-bound key from the Android Keystore, and written atomically to
-/// `{data_dir}/auth_tokens.bin` as `[12-byte IV][ciphertext+GCM-tag]`.
+/// `{data_dir}/ferrous_solitaire/auth_tokens.bin` as `[12-byte IV][ciphertext+GCM-tag]`.
+///
+/// The file stores a `HashMap<String, TokenBlob>` (keyed by username) so that
+/// multiple accounts can coexist without silently overwriting each other.
 ///
 /// The Keystore key survives app restarts but is destroyed on uninstall (or if
 /// the user changes biometric/lock credentials, in which case decryption fails
@@ -15,6 +18,7 @@ use jni::{
    JNIEnv, JavaVM,
 };
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use std::collections::HashMap;
 use std::path::PathBuf;

 use crate::auth_tokens::TokenError;
@@ -280,21 +284,30 @@ fn decrypt_gcm(
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

 fn token_file_path() -> Option<PathBuf> {
+    crate::platform::data_dir()
+        .map(|d| d.join(crate::APP_DIR_NAME).join("auth_tokens.bin"))
+}
+
+/// Path where the token file lived before the APP_DIR_NAME subdirectory was
+/// introduced. Used only during the one-time migration in `read_map`.
+fn legacy_token_file_path() -> Option<PathBuf> {
    crate::platform::data_dir().map(|d| d.join("auth_tokens.bin"))
 }

-fn read_file_bytes() -> Result<Vec<u8>, TokenError> {
-    let path = token_file_path()
-        .ok_or_else(|| TokenError::KeychainUnavailable("no data dir".into()))?;
+fn read_file_bytes_from(path: &PathBuf) -> Result<Vec<u8>, TokenError> {
    if !path.exists() {
        return Err(TokenError::NotFound(String::new()));
    }
-    std::fs::read(&path).map_err(|e| TokenError::Keyring(format!("read auth_tokens.bin: {e}")))
+    std::fs::read(path).map_err(|e| TokenError::Keyring(format!("read auth_tokens.bin: {e}")))
 }

 fn write_file_bytes(data: &[u8]) -> Result<(), TokenError> {
    let path = token_file_path()
        .ok_or_else(|| TokenError::KeychainUnavailable("no data dir".into()))?;
+    if let Some(parent) = path.parent() {
+        std::fs::create_dir_all(parent)
+            .map_err(|e| TokenError::Keyring(format!("create dir: {e}")))?;
+    }
    let tmp = path.with_extension("bin.tmp");
    std::fs::write(&tmp, data)
        .map_err(|e| TokenError::Keyring(format!("write auth_tokens.bin.tmp: {e}")))?;
@@ -302,29 +315,88 @@ fn write_file_bytes(data: &[u8]) -> Result<(), TokenError> {
        .map_err(|e| TokenError::Keyring(format!("rename auth_tokens: {e}")))
 }

-fn load_blob(username: &str) -> Result<TokenBlob, TokenError> {
-    let data = read_file_bytes().map_err(|e| match e {
-        TokenError::NotFound(_) => TokenError::NotFound(username.to_string()),
-        other => other,
-    })?;
+/// Decrypt raw bytes from the file and deserialise as `HashMap<String, TokenBlob>`.
+///
+/// Migration strategy:
+/// 1. If the new-path file exists, read and decrypt it.
+///    - Try to deserialise as `HashMap<String, TokenBlob>`.
+///    - On parse failure (old single-blob format), try `TokenBlob` and convert.
+/// 2. If the new-path file does NOT exist but the legacy-path file does, migrate:
+///    - Read and decrypt the legacy file.
+///    - Deserialise as `TokenBlob` (the only format the legacy path ever used).
+///    - Write the result to the new path as a single-entry map.
+///    - Delete the legacy file (best-effort; leave it if removal fails).
+/// 3. If neither file exists, return an empty map.
+fn read_map() -> Result<HashMap<String, TokenBlob>, TokenError> {
+    let new_path = token_file_path()
+        .ok_or_else(|| TokenError::KeychainUnavailable("no data dir".into()))?;
+    let legacy_path = legacy_token_file_path();

-    if data.len() < 12 {
-        return Err(TokenError::Keyring("auth_tokens.bin corrupt (too short)".into()));
+    // --- 1. New path exists ---
+    if new_path.exists() {
+        let data = read_file_bytes_from(&new_path).map_err(|e| match e {
+            TokenError::NotFound(_) => TokenError::NotFound(String::new()),
+            other => other,
+        })?;
+        if data.len() < 12 {
+            return Err(TokenError::Keyring("auth_tokens.bin corrupt (too short)".into()));
+        }
+        let plaintext = with_jvm(|env| {
+            let key = load_or_create_key(env)?;
+            decrypt_gcm(env, &key, &data)
+        })?;
+        // Try the current multi-user format first.
+        if let Ok(map) = serde_json::from_slice::<HashMap<String, TokenBlob>>(&plaintext) {
+            return Ok(map);
+        }
+        // Fall back: old single-blob format written by an earlier binary.
+        if let Ok(blob) = serde_json::from_slice::<TokenBlob>(&plaintext) {
+            let mut map = HashMap::new();
+            map.insert(blob.username.clone(), blob);
+            return Ok(map);
+        }
+        return Err(TokenError::Keyring("auth_tokens.bin unrecognised format".into()));
    }

-    let plaintext = with_jvm(|env| {
+    // --- 2. Legacy path migration ---
+    if let Some(ref lpath) = legacy_path {
+        if lpath.exists() {
+            let data = read_file_bytes_from(lpath).map_err(|e| match e {
+                TokenError::NotFound(_) => TokenError::NotFound(String::new()),
+                other => other,
+            })?;
+            if data.len() >= 12 {
+                let plaintext = with_jvm(|env| {
+                    let key = load_or_create_key(env)?;
+                    decrypt_gcm(env, &key, &data)
+                })?;
+                if let Ok(blob) = serde_json::from_slice::<TokenBlob>(&plaintext) {
+                    let mut map = HashMap::new();
+                    map.insert(blob.username.clone(), blob);
+                    // Write to the new location, then remove the legacy file.
+                    if write_map_inner(&map).is_ok() {
+                        let _ = std::fs::remove_file(lpath);
+                    }
+                    return Ok(map);
+                }
+            }
+            // Legacy file corrupt or unrecognised — treat as empty.
+        }
+    }
+
+    // --- 3. No file found ---
+    Ok(HashMap::new())
+}
+
+/// Serialise and encrypt a map, then write it atomically.
+fn write_map_inner(map: &HashMap<String, TokenBlob>) -> Result<(), TokenError> {
+    let plaintext = serde_json::to_vec(map)
+        .map_err(|e| TokenError::Keyring(format!("JSON encode: {e}")))?;
+    let encrypted = with_jvm(|env| {
        let key = load_or_create_key(env)?;
-        decrypt_gcm(env, &key, &data)
+        encrypt_gcm(env, &key, &plaintext)
    })?;
-
-    let blob: TokenBlob = serde_json::from_slice(&plaintext)
-        .map_err(|e| TokenError::Keyring(format!("JSON decode: {e}")))?;
-
-    if blob.username != username {
-        return Err(TokenError::NotFound(username.to_string()));
-    }
-
-    Ok(blob)
+    write_file_bytes(&encrypted)
 }

 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -333,77 +405,106 @@ fn load_blob(username: &str) -> Result<TokenBlob, TokenError> {

 /// Encrypt and store `access_token` and `refresh_token` for `username`.
 ///
-/// Overwrites any previously stored tokens.
+/// If tokens already exist for other usernames they are preserved.
+/// Any previously stored tokens for `username` are silently replaced.
 pub fn store_tokens(
    username: &str,
    access_token: &str,
    refresh_token: &str,
 ) -> Result<(), TokenError> {
-    let blob = TokenBlob {
-        username: username.to_string(),
-        access_token: access_token.to_string(),
-        refresh_token: refresh_token.to_string(),
+    let mut map = match read_map() {
+        Ok(m) => m,
+        // If the file is missing or corrupt, start with an empty map so we
+        // do not block a fresh login.
+        Err(TokenError::NotFound(_)) => HashMap::new(),
+        Err(e) => return Err(e),
    };
-    let plaintext = serde_json::to_vec(&blob)
-        .map_err(|e| TokenError::Keyring(format!("JSON encode: {e}")))?;

-    let encrypted = with_jvm(|env| {
-        let key = load_or_create_key(env)?;
-        encrypt_gcm(env, &key, &plaintext)
-    })?;
+    map.insert(
+        username.to_string(),
+        TokenBlob {
+            username: username.to_string(),
+            access_token: access_token.to_string(),
+            refresh_token: refresh_token.to_string(),
+        },
+    );

-    write_file_bytes(&encrypted)
+    write_map_inner(&map)
 }

 /// Return the stored access token for `username`.
 ///
-/// Returns [`TokenError::NotFound`] if no token has been stored yet.
+/// Returns [`TokenError::NotFound`] if no token has been stored for this username.
 pub fn load_access_token(username: &str) -> Result<String, TokenError> {
-    load_blob(username).map(|b| b.access_token)
+    let mut map = read_map()?;
+    map.remove(username)
+        .map(|b| b.access_token)
+        .ok_or_else(|| TokenError::NotFound(username.to_string()))
 }

 /// Return the stored refresh token for `username`.
 ///
-/// Returns [`TokenError::NotFound`] if no token has been stored yet.
+/// Returns [`TokenError::NotFound`] if no token has been stored for this username.
 pub fn load_refresh_token(username: &str) -> Result<String, TokenError> {
-    load_blob(username).map(|b| b.refresh_token)
+    let mut map = read_map()?;
+    map.remove(username)
+        .map(|b| b.refresh_token)
+        .ok_or_else(|| TokenError::NotFound(username.to_string()))
 }

-/// Delete stored tokens and remove the Keystore key for `username`.
+/// Delete stored tokens for `username`.
+///
+/// If other usernames have stored tokens they are left untouched.
+/// When this is the last entry in the map the Keystore key is also removed so
+/// a future re-login generates a fresh key.
 ///
 /// Missing file or missing Keystore entry are silently ignored.
-pub fn delete_tokens(_username: &str) -> Result<(), TokenError> {
-    if let Some(path) = token_file_path() {
-        if path.exists() {
-            std::fs::remove_file(&path)
-                .map_err(|e| TokenError::Keyring(format!("delete auth_tokens.bin: {e}")))?;
+pub fn delete_tokens(username: &str) -> Result<(), TokenError> {
+    let mut map = match read_map() {
+        Ok(m) => m,
+        Err(TokenError::NotFound(_)) => return Ok(()), // nothing to delete
+        Err(e) => return Err(e),
+    };
+
+    map.remove(username);
+
+    if map.is_empty() {
+        // No more users — remove the file and the Keystore key.
+        if let Some(path) = token_file_path() {
+            if path.exists() {
+                std::fs::remove_file(&path)
+                    .map_err(|e| TokenError::Keyring(format!("delete auth_tokens.bin: {e}")))?;
+            }
        }
-    }

-    // Remove the Keystore key so a future re-login generates a fresh key.
-    with_jvm(|env| {
-        let ks_class = env.find_class("java/security/KeyStore")?;
-        let ks_type = JValueOwned::from(env.new_string("AndroidKeyStore")?);
-        let ks = env
-            .call_static_method(
-                &ks_class,
-                "getInstance",
-                "(Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/security/KeyStore;",
-                &[ks_type.borrow()],
+        // Remove the Keystore key so a future re-login generates a fresh key.
+        with_jvm(|env| {
+            let ks_class = env.find_class("java/security/KeyStore")?;
+            let ks_type = JValueOwned::from(env.new_string("AndroidKeyStore")?);
+            let ks = env
+                .call_static_method(
+                    &ks_class,
+                    "getInstance",
+                    "(Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/security/KeyStore;",
+                    &[ks_type.borrow()],
+                )?
+                .l()?;
+
+            let null = JObject::null();
+            env.call_method(
+                &ks,
+                "load",
+                "(Ljava/security/KeyStore$LoadStoreParameter;)V",
+                &[JValue::Object(&null)],
            )?
-            .l()?;
+            .v()?;

-        let null = JObject::null();
-        env.call_method(
-            &ks,
-            "load",
-            "(Ljava/security/KeyStore$LoadStoreParameter;)V",
-            &[JValue::Object(&null)],
-        )?
-        .v()?;
-
-        let alias = JValueOwned::from(env.new_string(KEY_ALIAS)?);
-        env.call_method(&ks, "deleteEntry", "(Ljava/lang/String;)V", &[alias.borrow()])?
-            .v()
-    })
+            let alias = JValueOwned::from(env.new_string(KEY_ALIAS)?);
+            env.call_method(&ks, "deleteEntry", "(Ljava/lang/String;)V", &[alias.borrow()])?
+                .v()
+        })
+    } else {
+        // Other users still exist — just rewrite the map without this user.
+        write_map_inner(&map)
+    }
 }
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ use crate::settings_plugin::{SettingsResource, SettingsStoragePath};
 use crate::stats_plugin::{StatsResource, StatsUpdate};
 use crate::ui_modal::{
    spawn_modal, spawn_modal_actions, spawn_modal_button, spawn_modal_header, ButtonVariant,
-    ScrimDismissible,
+    ModalScrim, ScrimDismissible,
 };
 use crate::ui_theme::{
    ACCENT_PRIMARY, BORDER_SUBTLE, STATE_SUCCESS, TEXT_DISABLED, TEXT_PRIMARY, TEXT_SECONDARY,
@@ -162,93 +162,91 @@ fn evaluate_on_win(
    mut achievements: ResMut<AchievementsResource>,
    mut progress: ResMut<ProgressResource>,
 ) {
-    let Some(ev) = wins.read().last() else {
-        return;
-    };
-
-    let ctx = AchievementContext {
-        games_played: stats.0.games_played,
-        games_won: stats.0.games_won,
-        win_streak_current: stats.0.win_streak_current,
-        best_single_score: stats.0.best_single_score,
-        lifetime_score: stats.0.lifetime_score,
-        draw_three_wins: stats.0.draw_three_wins,
-        daily_challenge_streak: progress.0.daily_challenge_streak,
-        last_win_score: ev.score,
-        last_win_time_seconds: ev.time_seconds,
-        last_win_used_undo: game.0.undo_count > 0,
-        wall_clock_hour: Some(Local::now().hour()),
-        last_win_recycle_count: game.0.recycle_count,
-        last_win_is_zen: game.0.mode == solitaire_core::game_state::GameMode::Zen,
-    };
-
-    let hits = check_achievements(&ctx);
-    if hits.is_empty() {
-        return;
-    }
-
-    let now = Utc::now();
-    let mut achievements_changed = false;
-    let mut progress_changed = false;
-
-    for def in hits {
-        let Some(record) = achievements.0.iter_mut().find(|r| r.id == def.id) else {
-            continue;
+    for ev in wins.read() {
+        let ctx = AchievementContext {
+            games_played: stats.0.games_played,
+            games_won: stats.0.games_won,
+            win_streak_current: stats.0.win_streak_current,
+            best_single_score: stats.0.best_single_score,
+            lifetime_score: stats.0.lifetime_score,
+            draw_three_wins: stats.0.draw_three_wins,
+            daily_challenge_streak: progress.0.daily_challenge_streak,
+            last_win_score: ev.score,
+            last_win_time_seconds: ev.time_seconds,
+            last_win_used_undo: game.0.undo_count > 0,
+            wall_clock_hour: Some(Local::now().hour()),
+            last_win_recycle_count: game.0.recycle_count,
+            last_win_is_zen: game.0.mode == solitaire_core::game_state::GameMode::Zen,
        };
-        if record.unlocked {
+
+        let hits = check_achievements(&ctx);
+        if hits.is_empty() {
            continue;
        }
-        record.unlock(now);
-        achievements_changed = true;

-        // Grant the reward on first unlock.
-        if !record.reward_granted {
-            if let Some(reward) = def.reward {
-                match reward {
-                    Reward::CardBack(idx) => {
-                        if !progress.0.unlocked_card_backs.contains(&idx) {
-                            progress.0.unlocked_card_backs.push(idx);
-                            progress_changed = true;
-                        }
-                    }
-                    Reward::Background(idx) => {
-                        if !progress.0.unlocked_backgrounds.contains(&idx) {
-                            progress.0.unlocked_backgrounds.push(idx);
-                            progress_changed = true;
-                        }
-                    }
-                    Reward::BonusXp(amount) => {
-                        xp_awarded.write(XpAwardedEvent { amount });
-                        let prev_level = progress.0.add_xp(amount);
-                        if progress.0.leveled_up_from(prev_level) {
-                            levelups.write(LevelUpEvent {
-                                previous_level: prev_level,
-                                new_level: progress.0.level,
-                                total_xp: progress.0.total_xp,
-                            });
-                        }
-                        progress_changed = true;
-                    }
-                    Reward::Badge => {}
-                }
+        let now = Utc::now();
+        let mut achievements_changed = false;
+        let mut progress_changed = false;
+
+        for def in hits {
+            let Some(record) = achievements.0.iter_mut().find(|r| r.id == def.id) else {
+                continue;
+            };
+            if record.unlocked {
+                continue;
            }
-            record.reward_granted = true;
+            record.unlock(now);
+            achievements_changed = true;
+
+            // Grant the reward on first unlock.
+            if !record.reward_granted {
+                if let Some(reward) = def.reward {
+                    match reward {
+                        Reward::CardBack(idx) => {
+                            if !progress.0.unlocked_card_backs.contains(&idx) {
+                                progress.0.unlocked_card_backs.push(idx);
+                                progress_changed = true;
+                            }
+                        }
+                        Reward::Background(idx) => {
+                            if !progress.0.unlocked_backgrounds.contains(&idx) {
+                                progress.0.unlocked_backgrounds.push(idx);
+                                progress_changed = true;
+                            }
+                        }
+                        Reward::BonusXp(amount) => {
+                            xp_awarded.write(XpAwardedEvent { amount });
+                            let prev_level = progress.0.add_xp(amount);
+                            if progress.0.leveled_up_from(prev_level) {
+                                levelups.write(LevelUpEvent {
+                                    previous_level: prev_level,
+                                    new_level: progress.0.level,
+                                    total_xp: progress.0.total_xp,
+                                });
+                            }
+                            progress_changed = true;
+                        }
+                        Reward::Badge => {}
+                    }
+                }
+                record.reward_granted = true;
+            }
+
+            unlocks.write(AchievementUnlockedEvent(record.clone()));
        }

-        unlocks.write(AchievementUnlockedEvent(record.clone()));
+        if achievements_changed
+            && let Some(target) = &path.0
+                && let Err(e) = save_achievements_to(target, &achievements.0) {
+                    warn!("failed to save achievements: {e}");
+                }
+
+        if progress_changed
+            && let Some(target) = &progress_path.0
+                && let Err(e) = save_progress_to(target, &progress.0) {
+                    warn!("failed to save progress after reward: {e}");
+                }
    }
-
-    if achievements_changed
-        && let Some(target) = &path.0
-            && let Err(e) = save_achievements_to(target, &achievements.0) {
-                warn!("failed to save achievements: {e}");
-            }
-
-    if progress_changed
-        && let Some(target) = &progress_path.0
-            && let Err(e) = save_progress_to(target, &progress.0) {
-                warn!("failed to save progress after reward: {e}");
-            }
 }

 /// Cinephile unlock observer.
@@ -391,6 +389,7 @@ fn toggle_achievements_screen(
    achievements: Res<AchievementsResource>,
    font_res: Option<Res<FontResource>>,
    screens: Query<Entity, With<AchievementsScreen>>,
+    other_modal_scrims: Query<(), (With<ModalScrim>, Without<AchievementsScreen>)>,
 ) {
    let button_clicked = requests.read().count() > 0;
    if !keys.just_pressed(KeyCode::KeyA) && !button_clicked {
@@ -398,7 +397,7 @@ fn toggle_achievements_screen(
    }
    if let Ok(entity) = screens.single() {
        commands.entity(entity).despawn();
-    } else {
+    } else if other_modal_scrims.is_empty() {
        spawn_achievements_screen(&mut commands, &achievements.0, font_res.as_deref());
    }
 }
@@ -45,19 +45,29 @@ pub struct AnalyticsPlugin;
 impl Plugin for AnalyticsPlugin {
    fn build(&self, app: &mut App) {
        app.init_resource::<AnalyticsResource>()
-            .init_resource::<TokioRuntimeResource>()
            .add_systems(Startup, init_analytics)
            .add_systems(
                Update,
                (
                    react_to_settings_change,
-                    on_game_won,
-                    on_forfeit,
                    on_new_game,
                    on_achievement_unlocked,
-                    tick_flush_timer,
                ),
            );
+
+        // Build the shared Tokio runtime; skip network flush systems if the OS
+        // refuses to create threads (resource-limited / sandboxed environments).
+        match TokioRuntimeResource::new() {
+            Ok(rt) => {
+                app.insert_resource(rt).add_systems(
+                    Update,
+                    (on_game_won, on_forfeit, tick_flush_timer),
+                );
+            }
+            Err(e) => {
+                bevy::log::warn!("analytics_plugin: Tokio runtime unavailable — analytics flush disabled: {e}");
+            }
+        }
    }
 }

@@ -72,6 +72,17 @@ const TIME_ATTACK_TOAST_SECS: f32 = 5.0;
 const CHALLENGE_TOAST_SECS: f32 = 3.0;
 const VOLUME_TOAST_SECS: f32 = 1.4;

+/// Z added to a card's render depth while its `CardAnim` is in-flight.
+///
+/// Foundation and tableau cards share x,y during the slide (destination equals
+/// a slot that already holds a card). Without this lift the incoming card's
+/// bottom-right corner overlaps the stationary card's top-left, which the
+/// player perceives as a single card with mismatched rank/suit indices.
+///
+/// 50.0 sits comfortably above the highest pile depth (~1.04) and well below
+/// `DRAG_Z` (500), so a dragged card always renders above an animated one.
+const CARD_ANIM_Z_LIFT: f32 = 50.0;
+
 /// Per-card stagger interval for the win cascade at Normal speed (seconds).
 ///
 /// Sourced from `ui_theme::MOTION_CASCADE_STAGGER_SECS` so all motion timing
@@ -247,6 +258,11 @@ fn advance_card_anims(
            anim.delay = (anim.delay - dt).max(0.0);
            continue;
        }
+        if anim.duration <= 0.0 {
+            transform.translation = anim.target;
+            commands.entity(entity).remove::<CardAnim>();
+            continue;
+        }
        anim.elapsed += dt;
        let t = (anim.elapsed / anim.duration).min(1.0);
        // Curved interpolation using `MotionCurve::SmoothSnap` (cubic ease-out
@@ -254,7 +270,11 @@ fn advance_card_anims(
        // shared `CardAnim` struct stays a simple linear-tween container — the
        // upgrade is one extra `sample_curve` call per advancing animation.
        let s = sample_curve(MotionCurve::SmoothSnap, t);
-        transform.translation = anim.start.lerp(anim.target, s);
+        let mut pos = anim.start.lerp(anim.target, s);
+        // Elevate z during transit so the moving card always renders in front
+        // of any card already resting at the destination position.
+        pos.z = anim.target.z + CARD_ANIM_Z_LIFT;
+        transform.translation = pos;
        if t >= 1.0 {
            transform.translation = anim.target;
            commands.entity(entity).remove::<CardAnim>();
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ use bevy::prelude::*;
 use crate::audio_plugin::{AudioState, SoundLibrary};
 use crate::events::{MoveRequestEvent, StateChangedEvent};
 use crate::game_plugin::GameMutation;
+use crate::pause_plugin::PausedResource;
 use crate::resources::GameStateResource;

 /// Volume amplitude used for the auto-complete activation chime.
@@ -72,9 +73,14 @@ fn detect_auto_complete(
    if game.0.is_auto_completable && !state.active {
        state.active = true;
        state.cooldown = 0.0; // fire first move immediately
-    } else if !game.0.is_auto_completable {
-        state.active = false;
    }
+    // Intentionally no `else if !is_auto_completable` branch here.
+    // Deactivating on every frame where `is_auto_completable` is false
+    // would hard-stop the sequence mid-flight whenever `next_auto_complete_move`
+    // transiently returns `None` (e.g. while the previous move is still
+    // in-flight). The `is_won` check above already handles the definitive
+    // end-of-game case; `drive_auto_complete` simply retries next tick
+    // when no move is available yet.
 }

 /// Plays a distinct chime the moment auto-complete first activates.
@@ -106,11 +112,15 @@ fn drive_auto_complete(
    mut state: ResMut<AutoCompleteState>,
    game: Res<GameStateResource>,
    time: Res<Time>,
+    paused: Option<Res<PausedResource>>,
    mut moves: MessageWriter<MoveRequestEvent>,
 ) {
    if !state.active {
        return;
    }
+    if paused.is_some_and(|p| p.0) {
+        return;
+    }

    state.cooldown -= time.delta_secs();
    if state.cooldown > 0.0 {
@@ -48,10 +48,21 @@ pub struct AvatarPlugin;
 impl Plugin for AvatarPlugin {
    fn build(&self, app: &mut App) {
        app.add_message::<AvatarFetchEvent>()
-            .init_resource::<TokioRuntimeResource>()
            .init_resource::<AvatarResource>()
            .init_resource::<PendingAvatarTask>()
-            .add_systems(Update, (handle_avatar_fetch, poll_avatar_task));
+            .add_systems(Update, poll_avatar_task);
+
+        // Build the shared Tokio runtime; skip avatar download if the OS
+        // refuses to create threads (resource-limited / sandboxed environments).
+        match TokioRuntimeResource::new() {
+            Ok(rt) => {
+                app.insert_resource(rt)
+                    .add_systems(Update, handle_avatar_fetch);
+            }
+            Err(e) => {
+                bevy::log::warn!("avatar_plugin: Tokio runtime unavailable — avatar fetch disabled: {e}");
+            }
+        }
    }
 }

@@ -142,6 +142,13 @@ impl Plugin for CardAnimationPlugin {
                    update_frame_time_diagnostics,
                    // Advance active animations.
                    advance_card_animations,
+                    // Flush deferred commands so `CardAnimation` removals from
+                    // `advance_card_animations` are visible before the chain
+                    // system runs. Without this, the chain sees the component
+                    // still present in the same frame it was removed (deferred
+                    // commands aren't applied until the next ApplyDeferred
+                    // point), causing a 1-frame gap between every chain step.
+                    ApplyDeferred,
                    // After each animation finishes, pop the next chain segment.
                    advance_animation_chains,
                    // Interaction visuals (run after animation for final positions).
@@ -41,7 +41,9 @@ use crate::ui_theme::{
 };

 /// Fraction of card height used as vertical offset between face-up tableau cards.
-pub const TABLEAU_FAN_FRAC: f32 = 0.25;
+/// Must match `layout::TABLEAU_FAN_FRAC` so the initial layout and the first
+/// dynamic update from `update_tableau_fan_frac` produce identical spacing.
+pub const TABLEAU_FAN_FRAC: f32 = 0.18;

 /// Per-card vertical step for face-down tableau cards, as a fraction of
 /// card height. Smaller than [`TABLEAU_FAN_FRAC`] because face-down cards
@@ -51,18 +53,22 @@ pub const TABLEAU_FAN_FRAC: f32 = 0.25;
 /// renderer creates a visible offset between the card face and where
 /// clicks land.
 ///
-/// Matches `layout::TABLEAU_FACEDOWN_FAN_FRAC` (0.20). Both constants must
+/// Matches `layout::TABLEAU_FACEDOWN_FAN_FRAC` (0.14). Both constants must
 /// stay in sync; the layout constant drives the adaptive LayoutResource value
 /// used at runtime, while this one is the minimum floor used by
 /// `update_tableau_fan_frac` when computing proportional updates.
-pub const TABLEAU_FACEDOWN_FAN_FRAC: f32 = 0.20;
+pub const TABLEAU_FACEDOWN_FAN_FRAC: f32 = 0.14;

 /// Fraction of card height used as a tiny offset between stacked cards in
 /// non-tableau piles, so stacking is visible. Public so other plugins
 /// (e.g. input_plugin's drag-rejection tween) can compute the resting
 /// `Transform.translation.z` for a card at a given stack index without
 /// drifting from the value used by [`card_positions`].
-pub const STACK_FAN_FRAC: f32 = 0.003;
+// Must exceed the highest child local-z of any card entity (0.02 for the
+// Android corner label) so every card's sprite covers all children of the
+// card below it.  Raising from 0.003 → 0.025 fixes corner labels on
+// foundation piles bleeding through when a 2 sits on an Ace.
+pub const STACK_FAN_FRAC: f32 = 0.025;

 /// Font size as a fraction of card width.
 const FONT_SIZE_FRAC: f32 = 0.28;
@@ -178,8 +184,8 @@ pub struct CardLabel;
 /// readable at phone scale. Only exists when `CardImageSet` is present
 /// (the fallback solid-colour path uses a plain `CardLabel` instead).
 #[cfg(target_os = "android")]
-#[derive(Component, Debug, Clone, Copy)]
-struct AndroidCornerLabel;
+#[derive(Component, Debug, Clone)]
+struct AndroidCornerLabel(pub String);

 /// Solid-colour background sprite behind [`AndroidCornerLabel`].
 ///
@@ -707,15 +713,20 @@ fn sync_cards(
            .map(|c| c.id)
    };

-    // Map card_id -> (Entity, current_translation, has_card_animation) for
-    // in-place updates. The `has_card_animation` flag lets `update_card_entity`
-    // skip the snap/slide path on cards that are already being driven by a
-    // curve-based `CardAnimation` tween (e.g. the drag-rejection return tween
-    // — see `input_plugin::end_drag`). Otherwise the StateChangedEvent that
-    // accompanies a rejection would race the tween and the card would jump.
-    let mut existing: HashMap<u32, (Entity, Vec3, bool)> = HashMap::new();
+    // Map card_id -> (Entity, current_translation, anim_end) for in-place
+    // updates.  `anim_end` is `Some(end_xy)` when a curve-based `CardAnimation`
+    // is currently driving the card (e.g. a drag-rejection return tween).
+    //
+    // In the position loop below we compare `anim_end` against the new game-
+    // state target position to decide whether to honour or cancel the tween:
+    //   • end ≈ target  → animation is still heading to the right place; let
+    //                      it finish (skip the snap/slide path).
+    //   • end ≠ target  → the game state has changed (e.g. a new game started
+    //                      while the win-cascade was mid-flight); cancel the
+    //                      stale `CardAnimation` and apply the new position.
+    let mut existing: HashMap<u32, (Entity, Vec3, Option<Vec2>)> = HashMap::new();
    for (entity, marker, transform, anim) in entities.iter() {
-        existing.insert(marker.card_id, (entity, transform.translation, anim.is_some()));
+        existing.insert(marker.card_id, (entity, transform.translation, anim.map(|a| a.end)));
    }

    let live_ids: HashSet<u32> = positions.iter().map(|(c, _, _)| c.id).collect();
@@ -732,7 +743,19 @@ fn sync_cards(
    // behind the incoming top card during the draw slide animation.
    for (card, position, z) in positions {
        let entity = match existing.get(&card.id) {
-            Some(&(entity, cur, has_anim)) => {
+            Some(&(entity, cur, anim_end)) => {
+                // If a CardAnimation is in flight, check whether its destination
+                // still matches the game-state target.  If the game moved the card
+                // elsewhere (e.g. new game started during a win-cascade scatter),
+                // cancel the stale tween so the card snaps/slides to its new home.
+                let has_anim = match anim_end {
+                    Some(end_xy) if (end_xy - position).length() > 2.0 => {
+                        commands.entity(entity).remove::<CardAnimation>();
+                        false
+                    }
+                    Some(_) => true,
+                    None => false,
+                };
                update_card_entity(
                    &mut commands, entity, card, position, z, layout,
                    slide_secs, back_colour, color_blind, high_contrast, cur, has_anim, card_images, selected_back, font_handle,
@@ -1124,11 +1147,13 @@ fn add_android_corner_label(
    let bg_w = font_size * 2.0;
    let bg_h = font_size * 1.25;

-    // Solid background that hides the card art's small corner label.
+    // Background covers the PNG's baked-in small corner text (top-left).
+    // Classic PNG cards have a white face, so the background must be white too.
+    // (CARD_FACE_COLOUR is the Terminal theme's dark face colour — wrong here.)
    parent.spawn((
        AndroidCornerBg,
        Sprite {
-            color: CARD_FACE_COLOUR,
+            color: Color::WHITE,
            custom_size: Some(Vec2::new(bg_w, bg_h)),
            ..default()
        },
@@ -1138,20 +1163,51 @@ fn add_android_corner_label(
            0.015,
        ),
    ));
+    // Cover the matching rotated baked-in text at the bottom-right corner.
+    parent.spawn((
+        AndroidCornerBg,
+        Sprite {
+            color: Color::WHITE,
+            custom_size: Some(Vec2::new(bg_w, bg_h)),
+            ..default()
+        },
+        Transform::from_xyz(
+            card_size.x / 2.0 - inset - bg_w / 2.0,
+            -card_size.y / 2.0 + inset + bg_h / 2.0,
+            0.015,
+        ),
+    ));

    // Large rank+suit text drawn on top of the background. FiraMono must be
    // wired here explicitly — the suit glyphs (U+2660–U+2666) are not in
    // Bevy's built-in font and render as a coloured rectangle without it.
+    //
+    // Classic PNG cards have a white face: red suits stay the same saturated
+    // red, but black suits must use a dark colour (CARD_FACE_COLOUR ≈ #1a1a1a)
+    // rather than the near-white BLACK_SUIT_COLOUR designed for the dark
+    // Terminal theme background.
+    let text_col = if card.suit.is_red() {
+        if color_blind {
+            RED_SUIT_COLOUR_CBM
+        } else if high_contrast {
+            RED_SUIT_COLOUR_HC
+        } else {
+            RED_SUIT_COLOUR
+        }
+    } else {
+        CARD_FACE_COLOUR
+    };
+    let label_text = mobile_label_for(card);
    parent.spawn((
-        AndroidCornerLabel,
+        AndroidCornerLabel(label_text.clone()),
        CardLabel,
-        Text2d::new(mobile_label_for(card)),
+        Text2d::new(label_text),
        TextFont {
            font: font_handle.cloned().unwrap_or_default(),
            font_size,
            ..default()
        },
-        TextColor(text_colour(card, color_blind, high_contrast)),
+        TextColor(text_col),
        Anchor::TOP_LEFT,
        Transform::from_xyz(
            -card_size.x / 2.0 + inset,
@@ -2089,7 +2145,7 @@ fn resize_cards_in_place(
 fn resize_android_corner_labels(
    layout: Res<LayoutResource>,
    card_images: Option<Res<CardImageSet>>,
-    mut text_query: Query<(&mut TextFont, &mut Transform), With<AndroidCornerLabel>>,
+    mut text_query: Query<(&AndroidCornerLabel, &mut Text2d, &mut TextFont, &mut Transform)>,
    mut bg_query: Query<
        (&mut Sprite, &mut Transform),
        (With<AndroidCornerBg>, Without<AndroidCornerLabel>),
@@ -2105,7 +2161,8 @@ fn resize_android_corner_labels(
    let text_x = -layout.0.card_size.x / 2.0 + inset;
    let text_y = layout.0.card_size.y / 2.0 - inset;

-    for (mut font, mut transform) in text_query.iter_mut() {
+    for (label, mut text2d, mut font, mut transform) in text_query.iter_mut() {
+        text2d.0 = label.0.clone();
        font.font_size = font_size;
        transform.translation.x = text_x;
        transform.translation.y = text_y;
@@ -382,8 +382,8 @@ fn update_drop_target_overlays(
 /// for everything else it is card-sized. Replicated here rather than
 /// imported because `pile_drop_rect` is private to `input_plugin` and
 /// this overlay is the only other consumer.
-fn drop_overlay_rect(pile: &PileType, layout: &Layout, game: &GameState) -> (Vec2, Vec2) {
-    let centre = layout.pile_positions[pile];
+fn drop_overlay_rect(pile: &PileType, layout: &Layout, game: &GameState) -> Option<(Vec2, Vec2)> {
+    let centre = layout.pile_positions.get(pile).copied()?;
    if matches!(pile, PileType::Tableau(_)) {
        let card_count = game.piles.get(pile).map_or(0, |p| p.cards.len());
        if card_count > 1 {
@@ -393,13 +393,13 @@ fn drop_overlay_rect(pile: &PileType, layout: &Layout, game: &GameState) -> (Vec
            let bottom_edge = bottom_card_centre_y - layout.card_size.y / 2.0;
            let span_height = top_edge - bottom_edge;
            let new_centre_y = (top_edge + bottom_edge) / 2.0;
-            return (
+            return Some((
                Vec2::new(centre.x, new_centre_y),
                Vec2::new(layout.card_size.x, span_height),
-            );
+            ));
        }
    }
-    (centre, layout.card_size)
+    Some((centre, layout.card_size))
 }

 /// Spawns one overlay parent (fill) plus four edge sprites (outline) at
@@ -410,7 +410,10 @@ fn spawn_drop_target_overlay(
    layout: &Layout,
    game: &GameState,
 ) {
-    let (centre, size) = drop_overlay_rect(pile, layout, game);
+    let Some((centre, size)) = drop_overlay_rect(pile, layout, game) else {
+        warn!("drop_overlay_rect: pile {pile:?} not in layout, skipping overlay");
+        return;
+    };
    let edge = DROP_TARGET_OUTLINE_PX;

    commands
@@ -210,10 +210,15 @@ impl Plugin for FeedbackAnimPlugin {
                    start_shake_anim.after(GameMutation),
                    tick_shake_anim,
                    start_settle_anim.after(GameMutation),
+                    // tick_foundation_flourish writes the full Transform.scale
+                    // (Vec3); tick_settle_anim writes only scale.y on top of
+                    // it. Ordering ensures the settle's y-only write always
+                    // applies last so it wins on the ~0.15 s overlap when both
+                    // components are present on the same King entity.
+                    tick_foundation_flourish.before(tick_settle_anim),
                    tick_settle_anim,
                    start_deal_anim.after(GameMutation),
                    start_foundation_flourish.after(GameMutation),
-                    tick_foundation_flourish,
                ),
            );
    }
@@ -31,8 +31,15 @@ fn load_font(fonts: Option<ResMut<Assets<Font>>>, mut commands: Commands) {
    // Assets<Font>). FontPlugin in that context is a no-op — consumers
    // already query `Option<Res<FontResource>>` and degrade cleanly.
    let Some(mut fonts) = fonts else { return };
-    let font = Font::try_from_bytes(BUNDLED_FONT_BYTES.to_vec())
-        .expect("bundled FiraMono failed to parse — binary is corrupt");
+    let font = match Font::try_from_bytes(BUNDLED_FONT_BYTES.to_vec()) {
+        Ok(f) => f,
+        Err(e) => {
+            // A corrupt embedded font is unusual but should not crash the
+            // process — UI will render without glyphs rather than panicking.
+            warn!("bundled FiraMono failed to parse ({e}); UI text may be invisible");
+            return;
+        }
+    };
    let handle = fonts.add(font);
    commands.insert_resource(FontResource(handle));
 }
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ use crate::font_plugin::FontResource;
 use crate::resources::{DragState, GameStateResource, SyncStatusResource};
 use crate::ui_modal::{
    spawn_modal, spawn_modal_actions, spawn_modal_body_text, spawn_modal_button,
-    spawn_modal_header, ButtonVariant,
+    spawn_modal_header, ButtonVariant, ModalScrim,
 };
 use crate::ui_theme;

@@ -202,6 +202,8 @@ impl Plugin for GamePlugin {
            .add_message::<FoundationCompletedEvent>()
            .add_message::<InfoToastEvent>()
            .add_message::<AppLifecycle>()
+            // add_message is idempotent; SettingsPlugin also registers this.
+            .add_message::<crate::settings_plugin::SettingsChangedEvent>()
            .add_systems(
                Update,
                poll_pending_new_game_seed.before(GameMutation),
@@ -228,6 +230,7 @@ impl Plugin for GamePlugin {
            // GameMutation flow.
            .add_systems(Update, spawn_restore_prompt_if_pending)
            .add_systems(Update, handle_restore_prompt.before(GameMutation))
+            .add_systems(Update, sync_settings_to_game.before(GameMutation))
            .init_resource::<AutoSaveTimer>()
            .add_systems(Update, tick_elapsed_time)
            .add_systems(Update, auto_save_game_state)
@@ -235,6 +238,23 @@ impl Plugin for GamePlugin {
    }
 }

+/// Forwards `take_from_foundation` from [`SettingsResource`] to the live
+/// [`GameStateResource`] every time [`SettingsChangedEvent`] fires.
+///
+/// This covers two cases that the new-game path misses:
+/// 1. The initial settings load at startup: saves on disk default to `false`
+///    but `Settings` defaults to `true`; the event fires once when the
+///    settings file is first read.
+/// 2. A user toggling the setting mid-session in the Settings panel.
+fn sync_settings_to_game(
+    mut events: MessageReader<crate::settings_plugin::SettingsChangedEvent>,
+    mut game: ResMut<GameStateResource>,
+) {
+    for ev in events.read() {
+        game.0.take_from_foundation = ev.0.take_from_foundation;
+    }
+}
+
 /// Pure, testable helper. Updates `elapsed_seconds` and drains the
 /// fractional accumulator into whole-second ticks. No-op when `is_won`.
 pub fn advance_elapsed(
@@ -411,6 +431,7 @@ fn handle_new_game(
    game_over_screens: Query<Entity, With<GameOverScreen>>,
    layout: Option<Res<crate::layout::LayoutResource>>,
    mut card_transforms: Query<&mut Transform, With<crate::card_plugin::CardEntity>>,
+    scrims: Query<(), With<ModalScrim>>,
 ) {
    for ev in new_game.read() {
        // If an active game is in progress, intercept and show a confirm dialog.
@@ -420,8 +441,12 @@ fn handle_new_game(
        // duplicates) or if the event itself was already confirmed by the
        // player pressing Y on the modal — without the `confirmed` check the
        // modal would be respawned the frame after the despawn flushes.
+        // Also skip if any other modal scrim is currently open (global guard).
        let confirm_already_open = !confirm_screens.is_empty();
        if needs_confirm && !confirm_already_open && !ev.confirmed {
+            if !scrims.is_empty() {
+                return;
+            }
            // Despawn any stale game-over overlay before showing confirm dialog.
            for entity in &game_over_screens {
                commands.entity(entity).despawn();
@@ -556,10 +581,14 @@ fn spawn_restore_prompt_if_pending(
    splash: Query<(), With<crate::splash_plugin::SplashRoot>>,
    existing: Query<(), With<RestorePromptScreen>>,
    font_res: Option<Res<FontResource>>,
+    scrims: Query<(), With<ModalScrim>>,
 ) {
    if pending.0.is_none() || !splash.is_empty() || !existing.is_empty() {
        return;
    }
+    if !scrims.is_empty() {
+        return;
+    }
    spawn_modal(
        &mut commands,
        RestorePromptScreen,
@@ -614,6 +643,7 @@ fn handle_restore_prompt(
    new_game_buttons: Query<&Interaction, (With<RestoreNewGameButton>, Changed<Interaction>)>,
    mut pending: ResMut<PendingRestoredGame>,
    mut game: ResMut<GameStateResource>,
+    settings: Option<Res<crate::settings_plugin::SettingsResource>>,
    mut changed: MessageWriter<StateChangedEvent>,
    mut new_game: MessageWriter<NewGameRequestEvent>,
    mut launch_home_shown: Option<ResMut<crate::home_plugin::LaunchHomeShown>>,
@@ -639,6 +669,10 @@ fn handle_restore_prompt(
    let resolved = if key_continue || click_continue {
        if let Some(restored) = pending.0.take() {
            game.0 = restored;
+            // Patch setting that serialized with the old core default of `false`.
+            if let Some(s) = settings.as_ref() {
+                game.0.take_from_foundation = s.0.take_from_foundation;
+            }
            changed.write(StateChangedEvent);
        }
        for entity in &screens {
@@ -1011,9 +1045,7 @@ pub fn record_replay_on_win(
 /// previous heuristic incorrectly did (Quat hit this with 4 cards
 /// remaining and the game just sat there).
 pub fn has_legal_moves(game: &GameState) -> bool {
-    use solitaire_core::card::Card;
    use solitaire_core::pile::PileType;
-    use solitaire_core::rules::{can_place_on_foundation, can_place_on_tableau};

    // Drawing from a non-empty stock, and recycling a non-empty waste back to
    // stock, are always legal moves in standard Klondike (unlimited recycles).
@@ -1024,40 +1056,14 @@ pub fn has_legal_moves(game: &GameState) -> bool {
        return true;
    }

-    // Stock and waste exhausted — check whether any visible card can be placed.
-    let mut sources: Vec<Card> = Vec::new();
-    // Top waste card (waste is empty here, but included for completeness).
-    if let Some(p) = game.piles.get(&PileType::Waste)
-        && let Some(top) = p.cards.last()
-    {
-        sources.push(top.clone());
-    }
-    // Any face-up card in a tableau column can be the base of a movable run.
-    for i in 0..7_usize {
-        if let Some(t) = game.piles.get(&PileType::Tableau(i)) {
-            for card in t.cards.iter().filter(|c| c.face_up) {
-                sources.push(card.clone());
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    for card in &sources {
-        for slot in 0..4_u8 {
-            if let Some(dest) = game.piles.get(&PileType::Foundation(slot))
-                && can_place_on_foundation(card, dest)
-            {
-                return true;
-            }
-        }
-        for i in 0..7_usize {
-            if let Some(dest) = game.piles.get(&PileType::Tableau(i))
-                && can_place_on_tableau(card, dest)
-            {
-                return true;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-    false
+    // Stock and waste both exhausted — delegate to the authoritative move
+    // enumeration in core, which validates tableau sequence structure and
+    // foundation placement correctly. The previous hand-rolled loop only
+    // checked can_place_on_tableau(card, dest) for individual face-up cards
+    // without verifying that the cards above them form a valid alternating run,
+    // causing false positives when a useful-looking card was buried under an
+    // invalid sequence.
+    !game.possible_instructions().is_empty()
 }

 /// After each `StateChangedEvent`, check if the game has no legal moves.
@@ -1075,6 +1081,7 @@ fn check_no_moves(
    mut already_fired: Local<bool>,
    game_over_screens: Query<Entity, With<GameOverScreen>>,
    font_res: Option<Res<FontResource>>,
+    scrims: Query<(), With<ModalScrim>>,
 ) {
    // Reset the debounce flag on every state change so if something changes
    // we re-evaluate on the next state change.
@@ -1106,8 +1113,9 @@ fn check_no_moves(
        let no_moves_msg = "No moves available \u{2014} press D to draw or N for a new game";
        toast.write(InfoToastEvent(no_moves_msg.to_string()));
        *already_fired = true;
-        // Only spawn the overlay if one does not already exist.
-        if game_over_screens.is_empty() {
+        // Only spawn the overlay if one does not already exist, and no other
+        // modal scrim is currently open (global ModalScrim guard).
+        if game_over_screens.is_empty() && scrims.is_empty() {
            spawn_game_over_screen(&mut commands, game.0.score, font_res.as_deref());
        }
    }
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ use crate::font_plugin::FontResource;
 use crate::hud_plugin::ANDROID_HINT_LABEL;
 use crate::ui_modal::{
    spawn_modal, spawn_modal_actions, spawn_modal_button, spawn_modal_header, ButtonVariant,
-    ScrimDismissible,
+    ModalScrim, ScrimDismissible,
 };
 use crate::ui_theme::{SPACE_2, TEXT_PRIMARY, TEXT_SECONDARY, TYPE_BODY, VAL_SPACE_2, VAL_SPACE_3, Z_MODAL_PANEL};
 #[cfg(not(target_os = "android"))]
@@ -67,6 +67,7 @@ fn toggle_help_screen(
    keys: Res<ButtonInput<KeyCode>>,
    mut requests: MessageReader<HelpRequestEvent>,
    screens: Query<Entity, With<HelpScreen>>,
+    other_modal_scrims: Query<(), (With<ModalScrim>, Without<HelpScreen>)>,
    font_res: Option<Res<FontResource>>,
 ) {
    // Either F1 or a click on the HUD "Help" button (which fires
@@ -77,7 +78,7 @@ fn toggle_help_screen(
    }
    if let Ok(entity) = screens.single() {
        commands.entity(entity).despawn();
-    } else {
+    } else if other_modal_scrims.is_empty() {
        spawn_help_screen(&mut commands, font_res.as_deref());
    }
 }
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ use crate::layout::LayoutSystem;
 use crate::pause_plugin::PausedResource;
 use crate::resources::GameStateResource;
 #[cfg(target_os = "android")]
-use crate::resources::DragState;
+use crate::resources::{DragState, GameInputConsumedResource};
 use crate::selection_plugin::SelectionState;
 use crate::time_attack_plugin::TimeAttackResource;
 use crate::ui_focus::{FocusGroup, Focusable};
@@ -140,6 +140,12 @@ pub struct HudColumn;
 #[derive(Component, Debug)]
 pub struct HudActionBar;

+/// Marker on the text node inside each action-bar button (Android only).
+/// Used by `resize_action_bar_labels` to update font size on window resize.
+#[cfg(target_os = "android")]
+#[derive(Component, Debug)]
+struct ActionButtonLabel;
+
 /// Marker on the circular profile-picture button anchored to the
 /// top-right of the HUD band. Pressing it opens the Profile overlay.
 /// Shows the server avatar image when loaded; falls back to the player's
@@ -489,6 +495,11 @@ impl Plugin for HudPlugin {
                        .after(TouchDragSet::AfterStartDrag)
                        .in_set(TouchDragSet::BeforeEndDrag),
                );
+            app.add_systems(
+                Update,
+                resize_action_bar_labels
+                    .run_if(resource_exists_and_changed::<crate::layout::LayoutResource>),
+            );
        }
    }
 }
@@ -843,11 +854,25 @@ fn handle_avatar_button(
 /// on its own visual edge.
 fn spawn_action_buttons(
    font_res: Option<Res<FontResource>>,
+    windows: Query<&Window>,
    mut commands: Commands,
 ) {
+    // On Android the glyph labels must scale with the viewport so they remain
+    // legible on any screen density. Use the window width at startup; the
+    // resize_action_bar_labels system keeps this current on window changes.
+    #[cfg(target_os = "android")]
+    let action_font_size = {
+        let w = windows.iter().next().map_or(900.0, |win| win.width());
+        action_bar_font_size(w)
+    };
+    #[cfg(not(target_os = "android"))]
+    let action_font_size = TYPE_BODY;
+    #[cfg(not(target_os = "android"))]
+    let _windows = windows;
+
    let font = TextFont {
        font: font_res.as_ref().map(|f| f.0.clone()).unwrap_or_default(),
-        font_size: TYPE_BODY,
+        font_size: action_font_size,
        ..default()
    };

@@ -870,12 +895,12 @@ fn spawn_action_buttons(
    );
    #[cfg(not(target_os = "android"))]
    let labels = (
-        "Menu \u{25BE}",
+        "Menu \u{2193}",
        "Undo",
        "Pause",
        "Help",
        "Hint",
-        "Modes \u{25BE}",
+        "Modes \u{2193}",
        "New Game",
    );

@@ -964,7 +989,7 @@ fn spawn_action_button<M: Component>(
    // centred with room to breathe. On desktop, keep the comfortable 48 dp
    // floor and 8 dp side padding.
    #[cfg(target_os = "android")]
-    let (pad, min_w, min_h) = (UiRect::axes(Val::Px(4.0), Val::Px(4.0)), Val::Px(44.0), Val::Px(44.0));
+    let (pad, min_w, min_h) = (UiRect::axes(Val::Px(4.0), Val::Px(4.0)), Val::Px(52.0), Val::Px(44.0));
    #[cfg(not(target_os = "android"))]
    let (pad, min_w, min_h) = (UiRect::axes(VAL_SPACE_2, VAL_SPACE_2), Val::Px(48.0), Val::Px(48.0));

@@ -992,6 +1017,9 @@ fn spawn_action_button<M: Component>(
        HighContrastBorder::with_default(BORDER_SUBTLE),
    ))
    .with_children(|b| {
+        #[cfg(target_os = "android")]
+        b.spawn((ActionButtonLabel, Text::new(label), font.clone(), TextColor(text_color)));
+        #[cfg(not(target_os = "android"))]
        b.spawn((Text::new(label), font.clone(), TextColor(text_color)));
        if let Some(key) = hotkey {
            // Hotkey hint rendered as a dim caption next to the label —
@@ -2483,6 +2511,32 @@ fn restore_hud_on_modal(
    }
 }

+/// Returns the action-bar glyph font size for a given logical window width.
+/// Scales linearly so glyphs remain legible at any phone density.
+#[cfg(target_os = "android")]
+fn action_bar_font_size(window_width: f32) -> f32 {
+    // ~1/40 of the window width gives ~22 px on a 900 logical-px phone.
+    // Clamped so it never goes too tiny on narrow viewports or too large
+    // on landscape tablets.
+    (window_width / 40.0).clamp(16.0, 30.0)
+}
+
+/// Resizes the glyph text inside every [`ActionButtonLabel`] to match the
+/// current viewport width whenever [`LayoutResource`] changes (orientation
+/// change or window resize).
+#[cfg(target_os = "android")]
+fn resize_action_bar_labels(
+    layout: Res<crate::layout::LayoutResource>,
+    windows: Query<&Window>,
+    mut labels: Query<&mut TextFont, With<ActionButtonLabel>>,
+) {
+    let w = windows.iter().next().map_or(layout.0.card_size.x * 7.25, |win| win.width());
+    let new_size = action_bar_font_size(w);
+    for mut font in &mut labels {
+        font.font_size = new_size;
+    }
+}
+
 #[cfg(target_os = "android")]
 fn toggle_hud_on_tap(
    mut touch_events: MessageReader<bevy::input::touch::TouchInput>,
@@ -2492,6 +2546,7 @@ fn toggle_hud_on_tap(
    mut tracker: ResMut<HudTapTracker>,
    mut hud_vis: ResMut<HudVisibility>,
    buttons: Query<&Interaction, With<ActionButton>>,
+    mut game_consumed: ResMut<GameInputConsumedResource>,
 ) {
    use bevy::input::touch::TouchPhase;
    if !scrims.is_empty() || paused.is_some_and(|p| p.0) {
@@ -2502,6 +2557,7 @@ fn toggle_hud_on_tap(
        for _ in touch_events.read() {}
        tracker.start_pos = None;
        tracker.started_on_button = false;
+        game_consumed.0 = false;
        return;
    }
    for event in touch_events.read() {
@@ -2515,7 +2571,13 @@ fn toggle_hud_on_tap(
                    buttons.iter().any(|i| *i != Interaction::None);
            }
            TouchPhase::Ended if drag.is_idle() => {
-                let on_button = tracker.started_on_button;
+                // Also treat taps where game logic consumed the touch (e.g.
+                // drawing from stock) as "on button" so they don't toggle
+                // the HUD. The flag is set on TouchPhase::Started by the
+                // input system that consumed the tap and must be cleared here
+                // regardless of whether we toggle.
+                let on_button = tracker.started_on_button || game_consumed.0;
+                game_consumed.0 = false;
                if let Some(start) = tracker.start_pos.take() {
                    if !on_button && (event.position - start).length() < HUD_TAP_SLOP_PX {
                        *hud_vis = match *hud_vis {
@@ -2532,6 +2594,7 @@ fn toggle_hud_on_tap(
            TouchPhase::Canceled => {
                tracker.start_pos = None;
                tracker.started_on_button = false;
+                game_consumed.0 = false;
            }
            _ => {}
        }
@@ -47,7 +47,8 @@ use crate::game_plugin::{ConfirmNewGameScreen, GameMutation, RestorePromptScreen
 use crate::pause_plugin::PausedResource;
 use crate::progress_plugin::ProgressResource;
 use crate::layout::{Layout, LayoutResource};
-use crate::resources::{DragState, GameStateResource, HintCycleIndex};
+use crate::replay_playback::ReplayPlaybackState;
+use crate::resources::{DragState, GameInputConsumedResource, GameStateResource, HintCycleIndex};
 use crate::selection_plugin::SelectionState;
 use crate::time_attack_plugin::TimeAttackResource;

@@ -95,6 +96,7 @@ impl Plugin for InputPlugin {
        app.init_resource::<HintCycleIndex>()
            .init_resource::<HintSolverConfig>()
            .init_resource::<crate::pending_hint::PendingHintTask>()
+            .init_resource::<GameInputConsumedResource>()
            .add_message::<StartZenRequestEvent>()
            .add_message::<InfoToastEvent>()
            .add_message::<ForfeitRequestEvent>()
@@ -174,11 +176,20 @@ fn handle_keyboard_core(
    mut zen_requests: MessageReader<StartZenRequestEvent>,
    confirm_screens: Query<(), With<ConfirmNewGameScreen>>,
    restore_prompts: Query<(), With<RestorePromptScreen>>,
+    replay_state: Option<Res<ReplayPlaybackState>>,
 ) {
    if paused.is_some_and(|p| p.0) {
        return;
    }

+    // During replay playback (Playing or Completed) all game-input shortcuts
+    // are suppressed. The replay overlay owns Space (pause/resume) and the
+    // arrow keys (step). Letting game input through would mutate
+    // `GameStateResource` and corrupt replay determinism.
+    if replay_state.is_some_and(|r| !matches!(*r, ReplayPlaybackState::Inactive)) {
+        return;
+    }
+
    if keys.just_pressed(KeyCode::KeyU) {
        ev.undo.write(UndoRequestEvent);
    }
@@ -501,6 +512,7 @@ fn handle_touch_stock_tap(
    layout: Option<Res<LayoutResource>>,
    drag: Res<DragState>,
    mut draw: MessageWriter<DrawRequestEvent>,
+    mut game_consumed: ResMut<GameInputConsumedResource>,
 ) {
    if paused.is_some_and(|p| p.0) {
        return;
@@ -522,6 +534,7 @@ fn handle_touch_stock_tap(
        };
        if point_in_rect(world, stock_pos, layout.0.card_size) {
            draw.write(DrawRequestEvent);
+            game_consumed.0 = true;
            break; // one draw per tap frame
        }
    }
@@ -96,13 +96,33 @@ const MAX_TABLEAU_CARDS: f32 = 13.0;
 /// below this band so the HUD doesn't bleed into the play surface.
 ///
 /// Desktop: 64 px fits the score/moves/time + mode badge rows.
-/// Android: 80 px gives the same content rows comfortable clearance.
-/// (Previously 128 px when action buttons lived in the top band; those are
-/// now in the bottom bar so the larger reserve is no longer needed.)
+/// Android: 112 px — the HUD column has 4 flex tiers with 3 inter-tier
+/// gaps (4 px each) plus a SPACE_2 = 8 px top offset. With empty tiers
+/// still contributing gap height in Bevy's flex layout, the actual HUD
+/// height can reach ~80 px before the grid starts; 112 px gives ~28 px
+/// of clearance between the HUD bottom and the top card edge, preventing
+/// the overlap seen with the previous 80 px value.
 #[cfg(not(target_os = "android"))]
 pub const HUD_BAND_HEIGHT: f32 = 64.0;
 #[cfg(target_os = "android")]
-pub const HUD_BAND_HEIGHT: f32 = 80.0;
+pub const HUD_BAND_HEIGHT: f32 = 112.0;
+
+/// Height of the bottom action-bar (the row of ≡ ← || ? ! M + buttons).
+///
+/// The action bar sits *above* the OS gesture/navigation zone, so it is NOT
+/// covered by `safe_area_bottom`. `compute_layout` adds this constant to
+/// `safe_area_bottom` before computing the height-based card-size candidate
+/// and the available tableau height, ensuring the deepest fanned column
+/// never scrolls behind the button row.
+///
+/// Derivation (Android): `min_height 44 px` buttons
+///   + `padding.top 8 px` + `padding.bottom 8 px` outer bar padding = **60 px**.
+///
+/// Desktop: no persistent bottom bar, so 0.
+#[cfg(not(target_os = "android"))]
+const BOTTOM_BAR_HEIGHT: f32 = 0.0;
+#[cfg(target_os = "android")]
+const BOTTOM_BAR_HEIGHT: f32 = 60.0;

 /// Table background colour (dark green felt).
 pub const TABLE_COLOUR: [f32; 3] = [0.059, 0.322, 0.196];
@@ -123,7 +143,7 @@ pub struct Layout {
    pub pile_positions: HashMap<PileType, Vec2>,
    /// Per-step vertical offset fraction for face-up tableau cards, as a
    /// fraction of `card_size.y`. On height-limited (desktop) windows this
-    /// equals `TABLEAU_FAN_FRAC` (0.25); on width-limited (portrait phone)
+    /// equals `TABLEAU_FAN_FRAC` (0.18); on width-limited (portrait phone)
    /// windows it expands to fill the available vertical space so the tableau
    /// stretches to the bottom of the screen. Card rendering (`card_plugin`)
    /// and hit testing (`input_plugin`) both read from this field so they
@@ -187,9 +207,13 @@ pub fn compute_layout(window: Vec2, safe_area_top: f32, safe_area_bottom: f32, h
    // Substituting h_gap = w/4 and h = CARD_ASPECT * w and solving for the
    // largest w that fits gives:
    //   (window.y - HUD_BAND_HEIGHT) = w * (0.5 + (1 + fan_factor + VERTICAL_GAP_FRAC) * CARD_ASPECT)
+    // Reserve space for both the OS gesture/nav bar and the app's own action
+    // bar, which sits above it and is invisible to safe_area_bottom.
+    let effective_safe_bottom = safe_area_bottom + BOTTOM_BAR_HEIGHT;
+
    let fan_factor = 1.0 + (MAX_TABLEAU_CARDS - 1.0) * TABLEAU_FAN_FRAC;
    let height_denom = 0.5 + (1.0 + fan_factor + VERTICAL_GAP_FRAC) * CARD_ASPECT;
-    let card_width_height_based = (window.y - safe_area_top - safe_area_bottom - band_h).max(0.0) / height_denom;
+    let card_width_height_based = (window.y - safe_area_top - effective_safe_bottom - band_h).max(0.0) / height_denom;

    let card_width = card_width_width_based.min(card_width_height_based);
    let card_height = card_width * CARD_ASPECT;
@@ -238,7 +262,7 @@ pub fn compute_layout(window: Vec2, safe_area_top: f32, safe_area_bottom: f32, h
    //
    // avail = distance from the top of the first tableau card to the bottom
    //         margin — i.e. the space available for 12 fan steps.
-    let avail = (tableau_y - (-window.y / 2.0 + safe_area_bottom + h_gap) - card_height / 2.0).max(0.0);
+    let avail = (tableau_y - (-window.y / 2.0 + effective_safe_bottom + h_gap) - card_height / 2.0).max(0.0);
    let ideal_fan_frac = if card_height > 0.0 {
        avail / ((MAX_TABLEAU_CARDS - 1.0) * card_height)
    } else {
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ use crate::settings_plugin::{SettingsResource, SettingsStoragePath};
 use crate::sync_plugin::SyncProviderResource;
 use crate::ui_modal::{
    spawn_modal, spawn_modal_actions, spawn_modal_button, spawn_modal_header, ButtonVariant,
-    ScrimDismissible,
+    ModalScrim, ScrimDismissible,
 };
 use crate::ui_theme::{
    ACCENT_PRIMARY, BG_ELEVATED, BORDER_SUBTLE, RADIUS_SM, STATE_INFO,
@@ -139,6 +139,7 @@ impl Plugin for LeaderboardPlugin {
            .init_resource::<DisplayNameBuffer>()
            .add_message::<ToggleLeaderboardRequestEvent>()
            .add_message::<WarningToastEvent>()
+            .add_message::<InfoToastEvent>()
            // `MouseWheel` and `KeyboardInput` are emitted by Bevy's input
            // plugin under `DefaultPlugins`; register them explicitly so all
            // leaderboard systems run cleanly under `MinimalPlugins` in tests.
@@ -714,6 +715,7 @@ fn data_cell(
 fn handle_set_display_name_button(
    button_q: Query<&Interaction, (Changed<Interaction>, With<SetDisplayNameButton>)>,
    existing: Query<(), With<DisplayNameModal>>,
+    other_modal_scrims: Query<(), (With<ModalScrim>, Without<DisplayNameModal>)>,
    mut commands: Commands,
    settings: Option<Res<SettingsResource>>,
    font_res: Option<Res<FontResource>>,
@@ -725,6 +727,9 @@ fn handle_set_display_name_button(
    if !existing.is_empty() {
        return; // already open
    }
+    if !other_modal_scrims.is_empty() {
+        return; // Another modal is already visible.
+    }
    buf.0 = settings
        .as_ref()
        .and_then(|s| s.0.leaderboard_display_name.clone())
@@ -1159,9 +1164,23 @@ mod tests {
            .spawn(async { Err::<(), String>("network error".to_string()) });
        app.world_mut().resource_mut::<OptInTask>().0 = Some(failed_task);

-        // Allow the task to complete and be polled.
-        for _ in 0..5 {
+        // Pump until the task is polled or a deadline elapses.  A fixed
+        // update count is unreliable under parallel `cargo test --workspace`
+        // load — the AsyncComputeTaskPool background threads can be starved
+        // long enough that 5 updates finish before the task completes.
+        // Mirrors the deadline-loop pattern used in sync_plugin tests.
+        let deadline = std::time::Instant::now() + std::time::Duration::from_secs(5);
+        loop {
            app.update();
+            let msgs = app.world().resource::<Messages<WarningToastEvent>>();
+            let mut cursor = msgs.get_cursor();
+            if cursor.read(msgs).next().is_some() {
+                break;
+            }
+            if std::time::Instant::now() >= deadline {
+                break;
+            }
+            std::thread::yield_now();
        }

        let msgs = app.world().resource::<Messages<WarningToastEvent>>();
@@ -1183,8 +1202,19 @@ mod tests {
            .spawn(async { Err::<(), String>("network error".to_string()) });
        app.world_mut().resource_mut::<OptOutTask>().0 = Some(failed_task);

-        for _ in 0..5 {
+        // Deadline-bounded pump — see opt_in_error_fires_warning_toast for rationale.
+        let deadline = std::time::Instant::now() + std::time::Duration::from_secs(5);
+        loop {
            app.update();
+            let msgs = app.world().resource::<Messages<WarningToastEvent>>();
+            let mut cursor = msgs.get_cursor();
+            if cursor.read(msgs).next().is_some() {
+                break;
+            }
+            if std::time::Instant::now() >= deadline {
+                break;
+            }
+            std::thread::yield_now();
        }

        let msgs = app.world().resource::<Messages<WarningToastEvent>>();
@@ -1210,8 +1240,22 @@ mod tests {
        let ok_task = AsyncComputeTaskPool::get().spawn(async { Ok::<(), String>(()) });
        app.world_mut().resource_mut::<OptInTask>().0 = Some(ok_task);

-        for _ in 0..5 {
+        // Deadline-bounded pump — see opt_in_error_fires_warning_toast for rationale.
+        let deadline = std::time::Instant::now() + std::time::Duration::from_secs(5);
+        loop {
            app.update();
+            if app
+                .world()
+                .resource::<SettingsResource>()
+                .0
+                .leaderboard_opted_in
+            {
+                break;
+            }
+            if std::time::Instant::now() >= deadline {
+                break;
+            }
+            std::thread::yield_now();
        }

        assert!(
@@ -1237,8 +1281,22 @@ mod tests {
        let ok_task = AsyncComputeTaskPool::get().spawn(async { Ok::<(), String>(()) });
        app.world_mut().resource_mut::<OptOutTask>().0 = Some(ok_task);

-        for _ in 0..5 {
+        // Deadline-bounded pump — see opt_in_error_fires_warning_toast for rationale.
+        let deadline = std::time::Instant::now() + std::time::Duration::from_secs(5);
+        loop {
            app.update();
+            if !app
+                .world()
+                .resource::<SettingsResource>()
+                .0
+                .leaderboard_opted_in
+            {
+                break;
+            }
+            if std::time::Instant::now() >= deadline {
+                break;
+            }
+            std::thread::yield_now();
        }

        assert!(
@@ -138,12 +138,13 @@ fn handle_open_dialog(
    mut requests: MessageReader<StartPlayBySeedRequestEvent>,
    font_res: Option<Res<FontResource>>,
    existing: Query<(), With<PlayBySeedScreen>>,
+    other_scrims: Query<(), (With<crate::ui_modal::ModalScrim>, Without<PlayBySeedScreen>)>,
 ) {
    if requests.read().count() == 0 {
        return;
    }
-    // Guard against double-spawn (e.g. two events in one frame).
-    if !existing.is_empty() {
+    // Guard against double-spawn (e.g. two events in one frame) or stacking over another modal.
+    if !existing.is_empty() || !other_scrims.is_empty() {
        return;
    }
    let font = font_res.as_deref();
@@ -411,7 +412,11 @@ fn handle_confirm(
    new_game.write(NewGameRequestEvent {
        seed: Some(seed),
        mode: None,
-        confirmed: false,
+        // The player explicitly clicked Play (or pressed Enter) after typing
+        // a seed — treat this as an affirmative confirmation so the
+        // abandon-current-game dialog is not shown on top of the already-
+        // dismissed seed dialog.
+        confirmed: true,
    });

    for entity in &screen {
@@ -566,7 +571,9 @@ mod tests {
        assert_eq!(fired.len(), 1);
        assert_eq!(fired[0].seed, Some(42));
        assert_eq!(fired[0].mode, None);
-        assert!(!fired[0].confirmed);
+        // confirmed: true — the player explicitly clicked Play, so no
+        // abandon-current-game dialog should appear.
+        assert!(fired[0].confirmed);

        // Dialog should be gone.
        assert!(!dialog_present(&mut app));
@@ -473,8 +473,11 @@ fn radial_open_on_long_press(
    mut state: ResMut<RightClickRadialState>,
 ) {
    // Guard: only count while a touch is down, uncommitted, and radial is idle.
-    let active_id = drag.active_touch_id;
-    if active_id.is_none() || drag.committed || state.is_active() || paused.is_some_and(|p| p.0) {
+    let Some(active_id) = drag.active_touch_id else {
+        *hold_timer = 0.0;
+        return;
+    };
+    if drag.committed || state.is_active() || paused.is_some_and(|p| p.0) {
        *hold_timer = 0.0;
        return;
    }
@@ -487,7 +490,7 @@ fn radial_open_on_long_press(

    // Resolve current touch world position.
    let Some(touches) = touches else { return };
-    let Some(touch) = touches.iter().find(|t| t.id() == active_id.unwrap()) else {
+    let Some(touch) = touches.iter().find(|t| t.id() == active_id) else {
        return;
    };
    let Some((camera, cam_xf)) = cameras.single().ok() else { return };
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ use chrono::Datelike;

 use crate::font_plugin::FontResource;
 use crate::layout::LayoutResource;
-use crate::events::{DrawRequestEvent, MoveRequestEvent, UndoRequestEvent};
+use crate::events::{DrawRequestEvent, MoveRequestEvent, StateChangedEvent, UndoRequestEvent};
 use crate::replay_playback::{
    step_backwards_replay_playback, step_replay_playback, stop_replay_playback,
    toggle_pause_replay_playback, ReplayPlaybackState,
@@ -476,6 +476,7 @@ impl Plugin for ReplayOverlayPlugin {
            .add_message::<MoveRequestEvent>()
            .add_message::<DrawRequestEvent>()
            .add_message::<UndoRequestEvent>()
+            .add_message::<StateChangedEvent>()
            .add_systems(
                Update,
                (
@@ -1884,6 +1885,7 @@ fn handle_pause_keyboard(
 /// resets to 0 on key release so the next fresh press fires
 /// immediately. This matches the mockup's `[← →] scrub`
 /// terminology while keeping single-press = single-step semantics.
+#[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
 fn handle_arrow_keyboard(
    keys: Option<Res<ButtonInput<KeyCode>>>,
    time: Res<Time>,
@@ -1892,10 +1894,22 @@ fn handle_arrow_keyboard(
    mut moves_writer: MessageWriter<MoveRequestEvent>,
    mut draws_writer: MessageWriter<DrawRequestEvent>,
    mut undo_writer: MessageWriter<UndoRequestEvent>,
+    mut state_changed: MessageReader<StateChangedEvent>,
+    // `true` while a backward step is in-flight: cursor was decremented and
+    // `UndoRequestEvent` was written, but `handle_undo` hasn't applied it yet.
+    // Cleared when `StateChangedEvent` confirms the game state has caught up.
+    // Prevents rapid ← presses from accumulating multiple cursor decrements
+    // before any undo is applied (Bug #16).
+    mut back_pending: Local<bool>,
 ) {
    let Some(keys) = keys else { return };
    let dt = time.delta_secs();

+    // Clear the in-flight flag once the game confirms the undo landed.
+    if state_changed.read().count() > 0 {
+        *back_pending = false;
+    }
+
    // Right (forward step) — initial press fires immediately;
    // held repeats fire when the accumulator crosses the interval.
    if keys.just_pressed(KeyCode::ArrowRight) {
@@ -1911,14 +1925,28 @@ fn handle_arrow_keyboard(
        hold.right_held_secs = 0.0;
    }

-    // Left (backwards step) — symmetric to the right path.
+    // Left (backwards step) — gate on `back_pending` so at most one undo
+    // is in-flight at a time. The cursor is only decremented inside
+    // `step_backwards_replay_playback`, which also writes `UndoRequestEvent`.
+    // `back_pending` is set after a successful step and cleared above when
+    // `StateChangedEvent` confirms the undo was applied.
    if keys.just_pressed(KeyCode::ArrowLeft) {
-        step_backwards_replay_playback(&mut state, &mut undo_writer);
+        if !*back_pending {
+            let fired = step_backwards_replay_playback(&mut state, &mut undo_writer);
+            if fired {
+                *back_pending = true;
+            }
+        }
        hold.left_held_secs = 0.0;
    } else if keys.pressed(KeyCode::ArrowLeft) {
        hold.left_held_secs += dt;
        if hold.left_held_secs >= SCRUB_REPEAT_INTERVAL_SECS {
-            step_backwards_replay_playback(&mut state, &mut undo_writer);
+            if !*back_pending {
+                let fired = step_backwards_replay_playback(&mut state, &mut undo_writer);
+                if fired {
+                    *back_pending = true;
+                }
+            }
            hold.left_held_secs = 0.0;
        }
    } else {
@@ -512,6 +512,7 @@ pub struct ReplayPlaybackPlugin;
 impl Plugin for ReplayPlaybackPlugin {
    fn build(&self, app: &mut App) {
        app.init_resource::<ReplayPlaybackState>()
+            .add_message::<StateChangedEvent>()
            .add_systems(
                Update,
                (
@@ -114,6 +114,13 @@ pub struct HintCycleIndex(pub usize);
 #[derive(Resource, Debug, Clone, Default)]
 pub struct SettingsScrollPos(pub f32);

+/// Set to `true` by an input system when a touch tap is consumed by game logic
+/// (e.g. drawing from stock). `toggle_hud_on_tap` checks this flag on
+/// `TouchPhase::Ended` and skips the HUD visibility toggle when set, then
+/// resets it to `false` so subsequent taps behave normally.
+#[derive(Resource, Debug, Clone, Default)]
+pub struct GameInputConsumedResource(pub bool);
+
 /// Shared Tokio runtime used by all async-task closures that need HTTP I/O.
 ///
 /// Bevy's `AsyncComputeTaskPool` uses `async-executor` (not Tokio), so spawned
@@ -124,15 +131,18 @@ pub struct SettingsScrollPos(pub f32);
 #[derive(Resource, Clone)]
 pub struct TokioRuntimeResource(pub Arc<tokio::runtime::Runtime>);

-impl Default for TokioRuntimeResource {
-    fn default() -> Self {
-        // Building the Tokio runtime is startup-time initialization; failure
-        // here means the OS refused to create threads, which is unrecoverable.
+impl TokioRuntimeResource {
+    /// Attempts to build the shared multi-threaded Tokio runtime.
+    ///
+    /// Returns `Err` if the OS refuses to create worker threads (e.g. resource
+    /// limits on Android). Callers should log the error and disable sync
+    /// features rather than panicking.
+    pub fn new() -> Result<Self, tokio::io::Error> {
        let rt = tokio::runtime::Builder::new_multi_thread()
            .worker_threads(2)
            .enable_all()
-            .build()
-            .expect("failed to build shared Tokio runtime");
-        Self(Arc::new(rt))
+            .build()?;
+        Ok(Self(Arc::new(rt)))
    }
 }
+
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ pub struct SettingsChangedEvent(pub Settings);

 /// Marker on the root Settings panel entity.
 #[derive(Component, Debug)]
-struct SettingsPanel;
+pub struct SettingsPanel;

 /// Marks the `Text` node showing the live SFX volume value.
 #[derive(Component, Debug)]
@@ -510,6 +510,7 @@ fn toggle_settings_screen(
 fn sync_settings_panel_visibility(
    screen: Res<SettingsScreen>,
    panels: Query<Entity, With<SettingsPanel>>,
+    other_modal_scrims: Query<(), (With<ModalScrim>, Without<SettingsPanel>)>,
    scroll_nodes: Query<&ScrollPosition, With<SettingsScrollNode>>,
    mut scroll_pos: ResMut<SettingsScrollPos>,
    mut commands: Commands,
@@ -525,7 +526,7 @@ fn sync_settings_panel_visibility(
        return;
    }
    if screen.0 {
-        if panels.is_empty() {
+        if panels.is_empty() && other_modal_scrims.is_empty() {
            let status_label = sync_status
                .map_or_else(|| "Status: local only".to_string(), |s| sync_status_label(&s.0));
            let unlocked_backs = progress
@@ -1136,6 +1137,7 @@ fn handle_sync_buttons(
    mut configure_sync: MessageWriter<SyncConfigureRequestEvent>,
    mut logout_sync: MessageWriter<SyncLogoutRequestEvent>,
    mut delete_account: MessageWriter<DeleteAccountRequestEvent>,
+    mut screen: ResMut<SettingsScreen>,
 ) {
    for (interaction, button) in &interaction_query {
        if *interaction != Interaction::Pressed {
@@ -1143,7 +1145,12 @@ fn handle_sync_buttons(
        }
        match button {
            SettingsButton::SyncNow => { manual_sync.write(ManualSyncRequestEvent); }
-            SettingsButton::ConnectSync => { configure_sync.write(SyncConfigureRequestEvent); }
+            SettingsButton::ConnectSync => {
+                // Close settings before the sync-setup modal opens so the
+                // guard in open_sync_setup_modal doesn't block on our own scrim.
+                screen.0 = false;
+                configure_sync.write(SyncConfigureRequestEvent);
+            }
            SettingsButton::DisconnectSync => { logout_sync.write(SyncLogoutRequestEvent); }
            SettingsButton::DeleteAccount => { delete_account.write(DeleteAccountRequestEvent); }
            _ => {}
@@ -220,7 +220,13 @@ impl Plugin for StatsPlugin {
            )
            .add_systems(
                Update,
-                handle_forfeit.before(GameMutation),
+                // handle_forfeit must run before update_stats_on_new_game so
+                // the NewGameRequestEvent it emits is not visible to
+                // update_stats_on_new_game in the same frame — otherwise
+                // record_abandoned() fires twice on every forfeit (#21).
+                handle_forfeit
+                    .before(GameMutation)
+                    .before(update_stats_on_new_game),
            )
            .add_systems(Update, toggle_stats_screen.after(GameMutation))
            .add_systems(Update, handle_stats_close_button)
@@ -101,7 +101,6 @@ impl SyncPlugin {
 impl Plugin for SyncPlugin {
    fn build(&self, app: &mut App) {
        app.insert_resource(SyncProviderResource(self.provider.clone()))
-            .init_resource::<TokioRuntimeResource>()
            .init_resource::<SyncStatusResource>()
            .init_resource::<PullTaskResult>()
            .init_resource::<PullTask>()
@@ -109,18 +108,30 @@ impl Plugin for SyncPlugin {
            .add_message::<ManualSyncRequestEvent>()
            .add_message::<SyncCompleteEvent>()
            .add_message::<SyncConfigureRequestEvent>()
-            .add_message::<WarningToastEvent>()
-            .add_systems(Startup, start_pull)
-            .add_systems(
-                Update,
-                (
-                    poll_pull_result,
-                    handle_manual_sync_request,
-                    push_replay_on_win,
-                    poll_replay_upload_result,
-                ),
-            )
-            .add_systems(Last, push_on_exit);
+            .add_message::<WarningToastEvent>();
+
+        // Build the shared Tokio runtime; disable all network sync if the OS
+        // refuses to create threads (resource-limited environments, sandboxed
+        // Android builds, etc.).
+        match TokioRuntimeResource::new() {
+            Ok(rt) => {
+                app.insert_resource(rt)
+                    .add_systems(Startup, start_pull)
+                    .add_systems(
+                        Update,
+                        (
+                            poll_pull_result,
+                            handle_manual_sync_request,
+                            push_replay_on_win,
+                            poll_replay_upload_result,
+                        ),
+                    )
+                    .add_systems(Last, push_on_exit);
+            }
+            Err(e) => {
+                warn!("sync: failed to create Tokio runtime — network sync disabled: {e}");
+            }
+        }
    }
 }

@@ -52,10 +52,10 @@ use crate::events::{
    SyncLogoutRequestEvent,
 };
 use crate::font_plugin::FontResource;
-use crate::settings_plugin::{SettingsResource, SettingsScreen, SettingsStoragePath};
+use crate::settings_plugin::{SettingsPanel, SettingsResource, SettingsScreen, SettingsStoragePath};
 use crate::resources::TokioRuntimeResource;
 use crate::sync_plugin::SyncProviderResource;
-use crate::ui_modal::spawn_modal;
+use crate::ui_modal::{spawn_modal, ModalScrim};
 use crate::ui_theme::{
    ACCENT_PRIMARY, BG_ELEVATED, BG_ELEVATED_HI,
    BORDER_SUBTLE, HighContrastBorder, RADIUS_SM, STATE_DANGER, TEXT_DISABLED,
@@ -205,9 +205,14 @@ impl Plugin for SyncSetupPlugin {
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

 /// Opens the sync-setup modal when `SyncConfigureRequestEvent` is received.
+#[allow(clippy::type_complexity)]
 fn open_sync_setup_modal(
    mut events: MessageReader<SyncConfigureRequestEvent>,
    existing: Query<(), With<SyncSetupScreen>>,
+    // Exclude SettingsPanel: the Connect button closes settings in the same
+    // frame it fires SyncConfigureRequestEvent, but Bevy despawns are deferred
+    // so the settings scrim still exists in the world during this system.
+    other_modal_scrims: Query<(), (With<ModalScrim>, Without<SyncSetupScreen>, Without<SettingsPanel>)>,
    mut commands: Commands,
    mut focused: ResMut<SyncFocusedField>,
    font_res: Option<Res<FontResource>>,
@@ -219,6 +224,9 @@ fn open_sync_setup_modal(
    if !existing.is_empty() {
        return; // Already open.
    }
+    if !other_modal_scrims.is_empty() {
+        return; // Another modal is already visible.
+    }
    *focused = SyncFocusedField::Url;
    spawn_sync_setup_modal(&mut commands, font_res.as_deref());
 }
@@ -301,7 +309,7 @@ fn update_field_borders(
 fn handle_auth_button(
    login_q: Query<&Interaction, (Changed<Interaction>, With<SyncLoginButton>)>,
    register_q: Query<&Interaction, (Changed<Interaction>, With<SyncRegisterButton>)>,
-    fields: Query<(&SyncFieldKind, &SyncFieldBuffer)>,
+    mut fields: Query<(&SyncFieldKind, &mut SyncFieldBuffer)>,
    rt: Res<TokioRuntimeResource>,
    mut pending: ResMut<PendingAuthTask>,
    mut error_nodes: Query<(&mut Text, &mut TextColor), With<SyncAuthError>>,
@@ -354,9 +362,10 @@ fn handle_auth_button(
        return;
    }

-    // Clear error and show busy indicator.
-    for (mut text, _) in &mut error_nodes {
-        text.0 = "Connecting…".to_string();
+    // Clear previous error and show busy indicator.
+    for (mut text, mut color) in &mut error_nodes {
+        text.0 = String::new();
+        color.0 = TEXT_SECONDARY;
    }
    for mut vis in &mut busy_nodes {
        *vis = Visibility::Visible;
@@ -387,6 +396,14 @@ fn handle_auth_button(
    pending.task = Some(task);
    pending.url = url;
    pending.username = username;
+
+    // Zero the password buffer immediately — it must not linger in ECS
+    // components after the credential has been handed off to the async task.
+    for (kind, mut buf) in &mut fields {
+        if *kind == SyncFieldKind::Password {
+            buf.0.clear();
+        }
+    }
 }

 /// Polls the in-flight auth task. On success updates settings + provider.
@@ -540,6 +557,7 @@ fn handle_logout(
 fn open_delete_confirm_modal(
    mut events: MessageReader<DeleteAccountRequestEvent>,
    existing: Query<(), With<DeleteConfirmScreen>>,
+    other_modal_scrims: Query<(), (With<ModalScrim>, Without<DeleteConfirmScreen>)>,
    mut commands: Commands,
    font_res: Option<Res<FontResource>>,
 ) {
@@ -550,6 +568,9 @@ fn open_delete_confirm_modal(
    if !existing.is_empty() {
        return;
    }
+    if !other_modal_scrims.is_empty() {
+        return; // Another modal is already visible.
+    }
    spawn_delete_confirm_modal(&mut commands, font_res.as_deref());
 }

@@ -675,20 +696,31 @@ fn spawn_sync_setup_modal(commands: &mut Commands, font_res: Option<&FontResourc
                font_res,
            );

-            // Error / status line.
+            // Error / status line — two distinct children so visibility and
+            // text can be controlled independently.
            body.spawn(Node {
                min_height: Val::Px(18.0),
+                flex_direction: FlexDirection::Row,
+                align_items: AlignItems::Center,
+                column_gap: VAL_SPACE_2,
                ..default()
            })
            .with_children(|row| {
+                // Busy indicator: shown while the auth task is in flight.
                row.spawn((
-                    SyncAuthError,
                    SyncBusyOverlay,
-                    Text::new(String::new()),
+                    Text::new("…"),
                    make_font(font_res, TYPE_CAPTION),
                    TextColor(TEXT_SECONDARY),
                    Visibility::Hidden,
                ));
+                // Error / status text: always laid out, empty when idle.
+                row.spawn((
+                    SyncAuthError,
+                    Text::new(String::new()),
+                    make_font(font_res, TYPE_CAPTION),
+                    TextColor(TEXT_SECONDARY),
+                ));
            });

            // Tab hint — desktop only; no Tab key on Android.
@@ -182,12 +182,16 @@ fn sync_card_image_set_with_active_theme(
    mut events: MessageReader<AssetEvent<CardTheme>>,
    active: Option<Res<ActiveTheme>>,
    themes: Res<Assets<CardTheme>>,
+    asset_server: Option<Res<AssetServer>>,
    mut card_image_set: Option<ResMut<CardImageSet>>,
    mut state_events: MessageWriter<StateChangedEvent>,
 ) {
    let Some(active) = active else { return };
    let active_id = active.0.id();
+
    let mut should_sync = false;
+
+    // Consume asset events — covers the normal first-load path.
    for ev in events.read() {
        let id = match ev {
            AssetEvent::LoadedWithDependencies { id }
@@ -198,6 +202,22 @@ fn sync_card_image_set_with_active_theme(
            should_sync = true;
        }
    }
+
+    // A→B→A switch: Bevy does not re-fire LoadedWithDependencies for a
+    // handle whose asset is already cached. Detect this by checking that
+    // `ActiveTheme` itself changed this frame (the resource was just
+    // replaced by `react_to_settings_theme_change`) and the underlying
+    // asset is already fully loaded. If so, sync immediately rather than
+    // waiting for an event that will never arrive.
+    if !should_sync
+        && active.is_changed()
+        && asset_server
+            .as_ref()
+            .is_some_and(|as_| as_.is_loaded_with_dependencies(active.0.id()))
+    {
+        should_sync = true;
+    }
+
    if !should_sync {
        return;
    }
@@ -172,14 +172,15 @@ fn advance_time_attack(
    paused: Option<Res<crate::pause_plugin::PausedResource>>,
    path: Option<Res<TimeAttackSessionPath>>,
    home_screens: Query<(), With<crate::home_plugin::HomeScreen>>,
+    win_overlays: Query<(), With<crate::win_summary_plugin::WinSummaryOverlay>>,
 ) {
    if !session.active {
        return;
    }
-    // Mirrors `tick_elapsed_time`: pause while the launch / mode-picker
-    // Home modal is up so the countdown doesn't burn while the player
-    // is choosing what to play next.
-    if paused.is_some_and(|p| p.0) || !home_screens.is_empty() {
+    // Pause the countdown while Home, the Pause overlay, or the Win Summary
+    // overlay is visible — the player should not lose time while reading results
+    // or navigating menus.
+    if paused.is_some_and(|p| p.0) || !home_screens.is_empty() || !win_overlays.is_empty() {
        return;
    }
    session.remaining_secs -= time.delta_secs();
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ use crate::progress_plugin::ProgressResource;
 use crate::resources::GameStateResource;
 use crate::settings_plugin::SettingsResource;
 use crate::stats_plugin::{StatsResource, StatsUpdate};
+use crate::ui_modal::ModalScrim;
 use crate::ui_theme::{
    scaled_duration, ACCENT_PRIMARY, BG_BASE, BG_ELEVATED, MOTION_SCORE_BREAKDOWN_FADE_SECS,
    MOTION_SCORE_BREAKDOWN_STAGGER_SECS, MOTION_WIN_SHAKE_AMPLITUDE, MOTION_WIN_SHAKE_SECS,
@@ -507,7 +508,7 @@ fn collect_session_achievements(
 ) {
    // Reset on any new-game request (including mode switches via Z/X/C/T) so
    // achievements from the previous session are not carried into the next one.
-    if new_games.read().last().is_some() {
+    if new_games.read().next().is_some() {
        session.names.clear();
    }
    for ev in unlocks.read() {
@@ -538,6 +539,7 @@ fn spawn_win_summary_after_delay(
    settings: Option<Res<SettingsResource>>,
    time: Res<Time>,
    overlays: Query<Entity, With<WinSummaryOverlay>>,
+    other_scrims: Query<(), (With<ModalScrim>, Without<WinSummaryOverlay>)>,
    mut delay: Local<Option<f32>>,
 ) {
    // Process new win events.
@@ -568,8 +570,8 @@ fn spawn_win_summary_after_delay(
        *remaining -= time.delta_secs();
        if *remaining <= 0.0 {
            *delay = None;
-            // Only spawn if there is no overlay already.
-            if overlays.is_empty() {
+            // Only spawn if no overlay of any kind is already visible.
+            if overlays.is_empty() && other_scrims.is_empty() {
                // Drain any XpAwardedEvents that arrived this frame but were
                // not yet consumed by `cache_win_data` (which may run later in
                // the same schedule).  Accumulating here ensures the modal
@@ -757,6 +759,7 @@ fn spawn_overlay(
    commands
        .spawn((
            WinSummaryOverlay,
+            ModalScrim,
            Node {
                position_type: PositionType::Absolute,
                left: Val::Percent(0.0),
@@ -769,6 +772,7 @@ fn spawn_overlay(
                ..default()
            },
            BackgroundColor(SCRIM),
+            GlobalZIndex(Z_WIN_CASCADE),
            ZIndex(Z_WIN_CASCADE),
        ))
        .with_children(|root| {
@@ -341,8 +341,6 @@ pub async fn get_me(
    }))
 }

-/// Allowed MIME types for uploaded avatars.
-const ALLOWED_IMAGE_TYPES: &[&str] = &["image/jpeg", "image/png", "image/webp", "image/gif"];
 /// Maximum avatar upload size in bytes (1 MB).
 const AVATAR_MAX_BYTES: usize = 1024 * 1024;

@@ -361,23 +359,15 @@ pub async fn upload_avatar(
        .and_then(|v| v.to_str().ok())
        .unwrap_or("")
        .to_string();
-    let ext = if mime.contains("jpeg") || mime.contains("jpg") {
-        "jpg"
-    } else if mime.contains("png") {
-        "png"
-    } else if mime.contains("webp") {
-        "webp"
-    } else if mime.contains("gif") {
-        "gif"
-    } else {
-        return Err(AppError::BadRequest(
+    let ext = match mime.as_str() {
+        "image/jpeg" | "image/jpg" => "jpg",
+        "image/png"  => "png",
+        "image/webp" => "webp",
+        "image/gif"  => "gif",
+        _ => return Err(AppError::BadRequest(
            "avatar must be image/jpeg, image/png, image/webp, or image/gif".into(),
-        ));
+        )),
    };
-
-    if !ALLOWED_IMAGE_TYPES.iter().any(|t| mime.starts_with(t)) {
-        return Err(AppError::BadRequest("unsupported image type".into()));
-    }
    if body.len() > AVATAR_MAX_BYTES {
        return Err(AppError::BadRequest("avatar must be ≤ 1 MB".into()));
    }
@@ -390,7 +380,10 @@ pub async fn upload_avatar(
    // Write to a temp file then atomically rename so concurrent readers never
    // see a partially-written avatar.
    std::fs::write(&tmp_path, &body).map_err(|e| AppError::Internal(e.to_string()))?;
-    std::fs::rename(&tmp_path, &path).map_err(|e| AppError::Internal(e.to_string()))?;
+    if let Err(e) = std::fs::rename(&tmp_path, &path) {
+        let _ = std::fs::remove_file(&tmp_path);
+        return Err(AppError::Internal(e.to_string()));
+    }
    // Remove stale files with other extensions after the atomic rename.
    for old_ext in &["jpg", "png", "webp", "gif"] {
        if *old_ext != ext {
@@ -146,7 +146,6 @@ fn build_router_inner(state: AppState, rate_limit: bool) -> Router {
        .route("/api/account", delete(auth::delete_account))
        .route("/api/me", get(auth::get_me))
        .route("/api/me/avatar", put(auth::upload_avatar))
-        .nest_service("/avatars", ServeDir::new("avatars"))
        .layer(axum_middleware::from_fn_with_state(
            state.clone(),
            middleware::require_auth,
@@ -198,7 +197,8 @@ fn build_router_inner(state: AppState, rate_limit: bool) -> Router {
        .route("/api/daily-challenge", get(challenge::daily_challenge))
        .route("/api/replays/recent", get(replays::recent))
        .route("/api/replays/{id}", get(replays::get_by_id))
-        .route("/health", get(health));
+        .route("/health", get(health))
+        .nest_service("/avatars", ServeDir::new("avatars"));

    // Replay web UI: a single HTML page served at `/replays/:id` plus a
    // ServeDir for the static assets (`web/index.html`, `web/replay.css`,
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ use crate::{error::AppError, middleware::AuthenticatedUser, AppState};
 /// the desktop client's transitive dependencies.
 #[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
 struct ReplayHeader {
-    seed: i64,
+    seed: u64,
    draw_mode: String,
    mode: String,
    time_seconds: i64,
@@ -94,6 +94,9 @@ pub async fn upload(
    let id = Uuid::new_v4().to_string();
    let received_at = Utc::now().to_rfc3339();
    let replay_json = serde_json::to_string(&payload)?;
+    // SQLite INTEGER columns bind as i64. Reinterpret the u64 bits — the
+    // database stores the same 8 bytes; high-bit seeds round-trip correctly.
+    let seed_i64 = header.seed as i64;

    sqlx::query!(
        r#"INSERT INTO replays (
@@ -102,7 +105,7 @@ pub async fn upload(
           ) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)"#,
        id,
        user.user_id,
-        header.seed,
+        seed_i64,
        header.draw_mode,
        header.mode,
        header.time_seconds,
@@ -116,7 +119,7 @@ pub async fn upload(

    // Update leaderboard best score/time for opted-in users when this replay
    // beats their existing best. Only classic mode counts for the leaderboard.
-    if header.mode == "classic" {
+    if header.mode == "Classic" {
        sqlx::query!(
            r#"UPDATE leaderboard
               SET best_score      = ?,
@@ -230,6 +230,68 @@ main {
    pointer-events: none;
 }

+/* ── Resume overlay ──────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
+
+#resume-overlay {
+    position: fixed;
+    inset: 0;
+    background: rgba(21, 21, 21, 0.92);
+    display: flex;
+    align-items: center;
+    justify-content: center;
+    z-index: 1000;
+}
+
+#resume-overlay.hidden { display: none; }
+
+.resume-card {
+    background: var(--panel);
+    border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.12);
+    border-radius: 16px;
+    padding: 40px 48px;
+    text-align: center;
+    display: flex;
+    flex-direction: column;
+    gap: 16px;
+    box-shadow: 0 20px 60px rgba(0,0,0,0.6);
+    max-width: 360px;
+}
+
+.resume-title {
+    font-size: 28px;
+    font-weight: 700;
+    color: var(--accent);
+}
+
+.resume-detail {
+    font-size: 14px;
+    color: var(--text-muted);
+    margin: 0;
+    line-height: 1.5;
+}
+
+.resume-actions {
+    display: flex;
+    gap: 12px;
+    justify-content: center;
+    margin-top: 8px;
+}
+
+.resume-actions button {
+    padding: 12px 24px;
+    font-size: 15px;
+}
+
+.resume-actions button.secondary {
+    background: transparent;
+    border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.2);
+    color: var(--text-muted);
+}
+
+.resume-actions button.secondary:hover {
+    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.05);
+}
+
 /* ── Win overlay ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────── */

 #win-overlay {
@@ -293,6 +355,67 @@ main {
    animation: illegal-shake 320ms ease;
 }

+/* ── No-moves banner ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
+
+#no-moves-banner {
+    position: fixed;
+    bottom: 24px;
+    left: 50%;
+    transform: translateX(-50%);
+    z-index: 900;
+    animation: slide-up 240ms ease;
+}
+
+#no-moves-banner.hidden { display: none; }
+
+.no-moves-card {
+    background: var(--panel);
+    border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.15);
+    border-radius: 12px;
+    padding: 20px 32px;
+    text-align: center;
+    display: flex;
+    flex-direction: column;
+    gap: 12px;
+    box-shadow: 0 8px 32px rgba(0,0,0,0.7);
+    min-width: 300px;
+}
+
+.no-moves-title {
+    font-size: 18px;
+    font-weight: 700;
+    color: var(--accent);
+}
+
+.no-moves-detail {
+    font-size: 13px;
+    color: var(--text-muted);
+    margin: 0;
+    line-height: 1.5;
+}
+
+.no-moves-actions {
+    display: flex;
+    gap: 10px;
+    justify-content: center;
+    margin-top: 4px;
+}
+
+.no-moves-actions button.secondary {
+    background: transparent;
+    border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.2);
+    color: var(--text-muted);
+}
+
+.no-moves-actions button.secondary:hover {
+    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.05);
+}
+
+@keyframes slide-up {
+    from { opacity: 0; transform: translateX(-50%) translateY(12px); }
+    to   { opacity: 1; transform: translateX(-50%) translateY(0); }
+}
+
 /* ── Foundation slot suit hints ──────────────────────────────────────────── */

 .slot-hint {
@@ -56,6 +56,17 @@
        </section>
    </main>

+    <div id="resume-overlay" class="hidden">
+        <div class="resume-card">
+            <div class="resume-title">Resume Game?</div>
+            <p class="resume-detail">You have an unfinished game saved. Would you like to continue where you left off?</p>
+            <div class="resume-actions">
+                <button id="btn-resume">↩ Resume</button>
+                <button id="btn-resume-new" class="secondary">↺ New Game</button>
+            </div>
+        </div>
+    </div>
+
    <div id="win-overlay" class="hidden">
        <div class="win-card">
            <div class="win-title">You Won!</div>
@@ -66,6 +77,17 @@
        </div>
    </div>

+    <div id="no-moves-banner" class="hidden">
+        <div class="no-moves-card">
+            <div class="no-moves-title">No Moves Available</div>
+            <p class="no-moves-detail">No legal moves remain. Undo to go back or start a new game.</p>
+            <div class="no-moves-actions">
+                <button id="btn-no-moves-undo">↩ Undo</button>
+                <button id="btn-no-moves-new" class="secondary">↺ New Game</button>
+            </div>
+        </div>
+    </div>
+
    <script type="module" src="/web/game.js"></script>
 </body>
 </html>
@@ -69,6 +69,34 @@ function preloadTheme(theme) {
 preloadTheme("classic");
 preloadTheme("dark");

+// ── Persistence ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+const LS_SAVE_KEY = "fs_game_save";
+
+function saveState() {
+    if (!game) return;
+    try {
+        const gameState = game.serialize();
+        if (typeof gameState !== "string") return;
+        localStorage.setItem(LS_SAVE_KEY, JSON.stringify({ gameState, elapsedSecs, drawThree }));
+    } catch (e) {
+        // localStorage may be unavailable (private browsing quota, etc.) — never block gameplay.
+        console.warn("fs: save failed", e);
+    }
+}
+
+function clearSave() {
+    try { localStorage.removeItem(LS_SAVE_KEY); } catch { /* ignore */ }
+}
+
+function loadSave() {
+    try {
+        const raw = localStorage.getItem(LS_SAVE_KEY);
+        if (!raw) return null;
+        const save = JSON.parse(raw);
+        return save?.gameState ? save : null;
+    } catch { return null; }
+}
+
 // ── State ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 let game      = null;
 let snap      = null;   // last rendered GameSnapshot
@@ -108,11 +136,12 @@ const btnBoardUndo = document.getElementById("btn-board-undo");
 const btnNew     = document.getElementById("btn-new");
 const chkDraw3   = document.getElementById("chk-draw3");
 const btnTheme   = document.getElementById("btn-theme");
-const winOverlay = document.getElementById("win-overlay");
-const winScore   = document.getElementById("win-score");
-const winMoves   = document.getElementById("win-moves");
-const winTime    = document.getElementById("win-time");
-const btnWinNew  = document.getElementById("btn-win-new");
+const winOverlay    = document.getElementById("win-overlay");
+const winScore      = document.getElementById("win-score");
+const winMoves      = document.getElementById("win-moves");
+const winTime       = document.getElementById("win-time");
+const btnWinNew     = document.getElementById("btn-win-new");
+const noMovesBanner = document.getElementById("no-moves-banner");

 // ── Scale to fit ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 // Scales #card-area to fill #board without overflowing either dimension.
@@ -138,16 +167,72 @@ async function bootstrap() {
    await init();
    syncThemeButton();

-    const params  = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search);
-    const urlSeed = params.has("seed") ? Number(params.get("seed")) : randomSeed();
-    drawThree     = params.has("draw3");
-    chkDraw3.checked = drawThree;
-
    buildSlots();
    scaleBoard();
    window.addEventListener("resize", scaleBoard);
-    startGame(urlSeed);
    attachHandlers();
+
+    const saved = loadSave();
+    if (saved) {
+        showResumeDialog(saved);
+    } else {
+        const params  = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search);
+        const urlSeed = params.has("seed") ? Number(params.get("seed")) : randomSeed();
+        drawThree     = params.has("draw3");
+        chkDraw3.checked = drawThree;
+        startGame(urlSeed);
+    }
+}
+
+function showResumeDialog(saved) {
+    const overlay = document.getElementById("resume-overlay");
+    if (overlay) overlay.classList.remove("hidden");
+
+    document.getElementById("btn-resume").onclick = () => {
+        if (overlay) overlay.classList.add("hidden");
+        resumeGame(saved);
+    };
+    document.getElementById("btn-resume-new").onclick = () => {
+        clearSave();
+        if (overlay) overlay.classList.add("hidden");
+        drawThree = false;
+        chkDraw3.checked = false;
+        startGame(randomSeed());
+    };
+}
+
+function resumeGame(saved) {
+    let restored;
+    try {
+        restored = SolitaireGame.from_saved(saved.gameState);
+    } catch (e) {
+        console.warn("fs: restore failed, starting new game", e);
+        clearSave();
+        startGame(randomSeed());
+        return;
+    }
+
+    game = restored;
+    drawThree = !!saved.drawThree;
+    elapsedSecs = saved.elapsedSecs || 0;
+    chkDraw3.checked = drawThree;
+
+    const displaySeed = Math.round(game.seed());
+    hudSeed.textContent = `seed ${displaySeed}`;
+    winOverlay.classList.add("hidden");
+    cardEls.clear();
+    board.querySelectorAll(".card, .recycle-label").forEach(el => el.remove());
+
+    const url = new URL(window.location);
+    url.searchParams.set("seed", displaySeed);
+    if (drawThree) url.searchParams.set("draw3", "");
+    else           url.searchParams.delete("draw3");
+    history.replaceState(null, "", url);
+
+    const s = game.state();
+    snap = s;
+    render(s);
+    if (!s.is_won) startTimer();
 }

 function randomSeed() {
@@ -300,12 +385,19 @@ function render(s) {
    board.querySelectorAll(".card.drop-target").forEach(e => e.classList.remove("drop-target"));

    if (s.is_auto_completable && !s.is_won && !acTimer) {
+        stopTimer(); // freeze elapsed time at the moment the player's last move completes
        acTimer = setInterval(doAutoCompleteStep, 380);
    }
    if (s.is_won) {
+        clearSave();
        stopTimer();
        if (acTimer) { clearInterval(acTimer); acTimer = null; }
+        if (noMovesBanner) noMovesBanner.classList.add("hidden");
        showWin(s);
+    } else {
+        saveState();
+        const noMoves = !s.has_moves && !s.is_auto_completable;
+        if (noMovesBanner) noMovesBanner.classList.toggle("hidden", !noMoves);
    }
 }

@@ -343,12 +435,12 @@ async function submitReplay(s) {
    const payload = {
        schema_version: 1,
        seed: Math.round(game.seed()),
-        draw_mode: drawThree ? "draw_three" : "draw_one",
-        mode: "classic",
+        draw_mode: drawThree ? "DrawThree" : "DrawOne",
+        mode: "Classic",
        time_seconds: elapsedSecs,
        final_score: s.score,
        move_count: s.move_count,
-        recorded_at: new Date().toISOString(),
+        recorded_at: new Date().toISOString().slice(0, 10),
        moves: [],
    };
    try {
@@ -391,6 +483,8 @@ function attachHandlers() {
    btnUndo.addEventListener("click", doUndo);
    btnBoardUndo.addEventListener("click", doUndo);
    btnNew.addEventListener("click", () => startGame(randomSeed()));
+    document.getElementById("btn-no-moves-undo")?.addEventListener("click", doUndo);
+    document.getElementById("btn-no-moves-new")?.addEventListener("click", () => startGame(randomSeed()));
    btnWinNew.addEventListener("click", () => startGame(randomSeed()));
    chkDraw3.addEventListener("change", () => {
        drawThree = chkDraw3.checked;
@@ -40,20 +40,32 @@ export class ReplayPlayer {
    }
    /**
     * Snapshot the current `GameState` as a JS object (see `StateSnapshot`).
+     *
+     * Throws a JS string exception on serialisation failure (should never
+     * occur in practice — `StateSnapshot` contains only primitive types).
     * @returns {any}
     */
    state() {
        const ret = wasm.replayplayer_state(this.__wbg_ptr);
-        return ret;
+        if (ret[2]) {
+            throw takeFromExternrefTable0(ret[1]);
+        }
+        return takeFromExternrefTable0(ret[0]);
    }
    /**
     * Apply the next move; returns the post-step snapshot, or `null`
     * once the move list is exhausted.
+     *
+     * Returns `null` (not an exception) when the replay is finished.
+     * Throws a JS string exception on serialisation failure.
     * @returns {any}
     */
    step() {
        const ret = wasm.replayplayer_step(this.__wbg_ptr);
-        return ret;
+        if (ret[2]) {
+            throw takeFromExternrefTable0(ret[1]);
+        }
+        return takeFromExternrefTable0(ret[0]);
    }
    /**
     * 0-indexed position of the next move to apply.
@@ -157,11 +169,16 @@ export class SolitaireGame {
    }
    /**
     * Full pile snapshot as a JS object.
+     *
+     * Throws a JS string exception on serialisation failure.
     * @returns {any}
     */
    state() {
        const ret = wasm.solitairegame_state(this.__wbg_ptr);
-        return ret;
+        if (ret[2]) {
+            throw takeFromExternrefTable0(ret[1]);
+        }
+        return takeFromExternrefTable0(ret[0]);
    }
    /**
     * Undo the last move. Returns `{ok, error?, snapshot?}`.
@@ -180,6 +197,13 @@ function __wbg_get_imports() {
            const ret = Error(getStringFromWasm0(arg0, arg1));
            return ret;
        },
+        __wbg_String_8564e559799eccda: function(arg0, arg1) {
+            const ret = String(arg1);
+            const ptr1 = passStringToWasm0(ret, wasm.__wbindgen_malloc, wasm.__wbindgen_realloc);
+            const len1 = WASM_VECTOR_LEN;
+            getDataViewMemory0().setInt32(arg0 + 4 * 1, len1, true);
+            getDataViewMemory0().setInt32(arg0 + 4 * 0, ptr1, true);
+        },
        __wbg___wbindgen_throw_9c75d47bf9e7731e: function(arg0, arg1) {
            throw new Error(getStringFromWasm0(arg0, arg1));
        },
@@ -108,31 +108,48 @@ fn merge_stats(
    let merged_games_won = local.games_won.max(remote.games_won);
    let merged_games_played = local.games_played.max(remote.games_played);

-    // Recompute average time from the merged totals. If no wins yet, keep 0.
+    // Carry the average time from whichever side contributed merged_games_won.
+    // Taking max(total_time)/max(wins) misattributes time when the side with
+    // more wins has a lower total — use the winning side's average directly.
    let avg_time_seconds = if merged_games_won == 0 {
        0
+    } else if local.games_won >= remote.games_won {
+        local.avg_time_seconds
    } else {
-        // Use whichever side has more wins to approximate total time, then blend.
-        // We don't have total_time stored, so we reconstruct it from avg * count.
-        let local_total = local.avg_time_seconds as u128 * local.games_won as u128;
-        let remote_total = remote.avg_time_seconds as u128 * remote.games_won as u128;
-        // Take max total time (conservative — avoids underestimating total play time).
-        let best_total = local_total.max(remote_total);
-        (best_total / merged_games_won as u128) as u64
+        remote.avg_time_seconds
    };

+    // Derive games_lost from the merged played/won counts so the invariant
+    // games_won + games_lost <= games_played is always satisfied. Computing
+    // max(local.games_lost, remote.games_lost) independently can push
+    // games_won + games_lost above games_played after a divergent merge.
+    let merged_games_lost = merged_games_played.saturating_sub(merged_games_won);
+
    StatsSnapshot {
        games_played: merged_games_played,
        games_won: merged_games_won,
-        games_lost: local.games_lost.max(remote.games_lost),
+        games_lost: merged_games_lost,
        win_streak_current: local.win_streak_current.max(remote.win_streak_current),
        win_streak_best: local.win_streak_best.max(remote.win_streak_best),
        avg_time_seconds,
        fastest_win_seconds: local.fastest_win_seconds.min(remote.fastest_win_seconds),
        lifetime_score: local.lifetime_score.max(remote.lifetime_score),
        best_single_score: local.best_single_score.max(remote.best_single_score),
-        draw_one_wins: local.draw_one_wins.max(remote.draw_one_wins),
-        draw_three_wins: local.draw_three_wins.max(remote.draw_three_wins),
+        // Take per-mode win counts from whichever side contributed `games_won`
+        // (the side with the higher total). Independent max() calls can push
+        // draw_one_wins + draw_three_wins above games_won when the two sides
+        // have complementary win histories (e.g. local has 20 draw-one wins,
+        // remote has 20 draw-three wins, each with games_won = 20).
+        draw_one_wins: if local.games_won >= remote.games_won {
+            local.draw_one_wins
+        } else {
+            remote.draw_one_wins
+        },
+        draw_three_wins: if local.games_won >= remote.games_won {
+            local.draw_three_wins
+        } else {
+            remote.draw_three_wins
+        },
        // Per-mode bests. Bests take max; fastest times take a *zero-aware*
        // min — see [`min_ignore_zero`] for the rationale (0 means "no win
        // yet" for these fields, unlike the lifetime `fastest_win_seconds`
@@ -454,14 +471,28 @@ mod tests {
    }

    #[test]
-    fn stats_games_lost_takes_max() {
+    fn stats_games_lost_derived_from_played_minus_won() {
+        // games_lost must equal games_played - games_won so the invariant
+        // games_won + games_lost <= games_played is always satisfied.
        let mut local = default_payload();
+        local.stats.games_played = 20;
+        local.stats.games_won = 8;
        local.stats.games_lost = 12;
        let mut remote = default_payload();
-        remote.stats.games_lost = 8;
+        remote.stats.games_played = 15;
+        remote.stats.games_won = 10;
+        remote.stats.games_lost = 5;

+        // merged: games_played = max(20, 15) = 20; games_won = max(8, 10) = 10
+        // games_lost must be 20 - 10 = 10, NOT max(12, 5) = 12
        let (merged, _) = merge(&local, &remote);
-        assert_eq!(merged.stats.games_lost, 12);
+        assert_eq!(merged.stats.games_played, 20);
+        assert_eq!(merged.stats.games_won, 10);
+        assert_eq!(merged.stats.games_lost, 10);
+        assert!(
+            merged.stats.games_won + merged.stats.games_lost <= merged.stats.games_played,
+            "games_won + games_lost must never exceed games_played"
+        );
    }

    #[test]
@@ -487,26 +518,63 @@ mod tests {
    }

    #[test]
-    fn stats_draw_mode_wins_take_max() {
+    fn stats_draw_mode_wins_taken_from_winning_side() {
+        // Both sides have equal games_won (default 0), so local is chosen (>=).
+        // Per-mode counts come entirely from that one side — no cross-side max.
        let mut local = default_payload();
+        local.stats.games_won = 25;
        local.stats.draw_one_wins = 20;
        local.stats.draw_three_wins = 5;
        let mut remote = default_payload();
+        remote.stats.games_won = 15;
        remote.stats.draw_one_wins = 15;
        remote.stats.draw_three_wins = 8;

+        // local has more wins, so local's per-mode counts are used.
        let (merged, _) = merge(&local, &remote);
+        assert_eq!(merged.stats.games_won, 25);
        assert_eq!(merged.stats.draw_one_wins, 20);
-        assert_eq!(merged.stats.draw_three_wins, 8);
+        assert_eq!(merged.stats.draw_three_wins, 5);
+        assert!(
+            merged.stats.draw_one_wins + merged.stats.draw_three_wins
+                <= merged.stats.games_won,
+            "draw-mode win counts must not exceed total wins"
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn merge_stats_draw_mode_wins_do_not_exceed_total() {
+        // local: 20 draw-one wins, 0 draw-three, games_won = 20
+        // remote: 0 draw-one wins, 20 draw-three, games_won = 20
+        // Without the fix, independent max() calls yield draw_one=20, draw_three=20,
+        // games_won=20 — the breakdown sums to 40, double the actual total.
+        let mut local = default_payload();
+        local.stats.games_won = 20;
+        local.stats.draw_one_wins = 20;
+        local.stats.draw_three_wins = 0;
+
+        let mut remote = default_payload();
+        remote.stats.games_won = 20;
+        remote.stats.draw_one_wins = 0;
+        remote.stats.draw_three_wins = 20;
+
+        let (merged, _) = merge(&local, &remote);
+        assert!(
+            merged.stats.draw_one_wins + merged.stats.draw_three_wins <= merged.stats.games_won,
+            "draw-mode win counts must not exceed total wins after merge: \
+             draw_one={}, draw_three={}, games_won={}",
+            merged.stats.draw_one_wins,
+            merged.stats.draw_three_wins,
+            merged.stats.games_won,
+        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn stats_avg_time_recomputed_from_merged_totals() {
-        // local: 4 wins averaging 100s each (total = 400s)
-        // remote: 6 wins averaging 200s each (total = 1200s)
-        // merged_games_won = max(4, 6) = 6
-        // best_total = max(400, 1200) = 1200
-        // avg = 1200 / 6 = 200
+        // local: 4 wins averaging 100s each
+        // remote: 6 wins averaging 200s each
+        // merged_games_won = max(4, 6) = 6  →  remote contributed the wins
+        // avg_time_seconds must be remote's 200s, not a blend of totals
        let mut local = default_payload();
        local.stats.games_won = 4;
        local.stats.avg_time_seconds = 100;
@@ -241,6 +241,8 @@ pub struct GameSnapshot {
    pub move_count: u32,
    pub is_won: bool,
    pub is_auto_completable: bool,
+    /// `false` when stock, waste, and all pile-to-pile moves are exhausted.
+    pub has_moves: bool,
    pub undo_count: u32,
    /// Number of snapshots currently on the undo stack; 0 means undo is unavailable.
    pub undo_stack_len: usize,
@@ -279,11 +281,17 @@ impl SolitaireGame {
                .map(|p| p.cards.iter().map(CardSnapshot::from).collect())
                .unwrap_or_default()
        };
+        let has_moves = {
+            let stock_empty = self.game.piles.get(&PileType::Stock).is_none_or(|p| p.cards.is_empty());
+            let waste_empty = self.game.piles.get(&PileType::Waste).is_none_or(|p| p.cards.is_empty());
+            !stock_empty || !waste_empty || !self.game.possible_instructions().is_empty()
+        };
        GameSnapshot {
            score: self.game.score,
            move_count: self.game.move_count,
            is_won: self.game.is_won,
            is_auto_completable: self.game.is_auto_completable,
+            has_moves,
            undo_count: self.game.undo_count,
            undo_stack_len: self.game.undo_stack_len(),
            stock: cards(PileType::Stock),
@@ -422,6 +430,30 @@ impl SolitaireGame {
        }
    }

+    /// Serialise the full game state as a JSON string for `localStorage`.
+    ///
+    /// Use [`SolitaireGame::from_saved`] to restore it. The returned string is
+    /// opaque — callers should treat it as a blob and store/restore it verbatim.
+    pub fn serialize(&self) -> Result<String, JsValue> {
+        serde_json::to_string(&self.game)
+            .map_err(|e| JsValue::from_str(&e.to_string()))
+    }
+
+    /// Restore a game from a JSON string previously produced by [`SolitaireGame::serialize`].
+    ///
+    /// Returns an error string if the JSON is malformed or describes a state
+    /// that can't be deserialised (e.g. from a future schema version).
+    pub fn from_saved(json: &str) -> Result<SolitaireGame, JsValue> {
+        serde_json::from_str::<GameState>(json)
+            .map(|mut game| {
+                // Older saves serialised with take_from_foundation=false (the core default).
+                // The web client has no settings layer, so enforce the standard rule here.
+                game.take_from_foundation = true;
+                SolitaireGame { game }
+            })
+            .map_err(|e| JsValue::from_str(&e.to_string()))
+    }
+
    /// Apply one auto-complete move (only valid when `is_auto_completable`).
    ///
    /// If no card can go directly to a foundation this step, advances the